Spain will develop an anti-drone laser weapon.

The Spanish Ministry of Defense has approved the advancement of the Weapons Instrument Laser Demonstrator (DIAL), a system designed to counter RPAS (Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems). This project, valued at approximately 11 million euros, will be initiated through a temporary collaboration between Indra and Escribano Mechanical & Engineering.

This partnership emerged under the auspices of the General Directorate of Armaments and Materials (DGAM). Over the ensuing four years, these two entities will collaborate to conceive an innovative laser system. According to Spanish sources, the project will unfold in multiple phases, concluding by December 2027.

DIAL signifies the Department of Defense's inaugural foray into laser weaponry development. The project is allocated a precise budget of 10,980,000 euros. While intricate details regarding the weapon's specifications remain undisclosed, the Annual Defense Contracting Plan (Pacdef) sheds some additional light on this ambitious endeavor.

The program outlined in this plan mirrors an existing initiative focused on crafting a 35kW anti-drone weapon. All indications suggest a correlation between this initiative and the DIAL project referenced in Pacdef.

Simultaneous with the announcement of this allocation, the Ministry of Defense published a document on the State Contracting Platform, fielding inquiries from involved companies. These inquiries affirmed the system's purpose as an anti-RPAS mechanism. In one response, the department clarified, "The document pertains to a prototype of a comprehensive anti-RPAS system."

According to the document, the prototype will encompass an electro-optical system, guidance mechanisms, a laser guidance system integrated into the laser subsystem for beam focus, and laser firing capabilities. Additionally, it will include a direction of fire to identify the target and its range, transmitting this information to the laser subsystem. Apart from systems reliant on a direct line of sight to the target, such as the direction of fire and output beam, the entire apparatus must fit within a designated shelter.

For years, global military forces have concentrated on developing weapon systems, from drones to missiles, aimed at redefining air defense strategies.

Consider the United States, where considerable investments have been directed toward this initiative. The US Navy has commenced equipping its vessels with laser cannons. Yet, it's not solely the military; major industry players are also advancing in this domain.

Collaboration stands as a critical element. For instance, Lockheed Martin of the US and Israel's Rafael are jointly crafting a laser air defense weapon. Meanwhile, across the Atlantic, MBDA and Rheinmetall have partnered to devise a naval laser system for the German navy. These represent glimpses of the broader landscape.

Spain is also aligning with this agenda. The Spanish Navy has openly expressed its intent to integrate laser weapons for air defense into its forthcoming F-110 frigates. Over the past few years, the Ministry of Defense consistently allocated funds for research and development in this realm through the Coincident program, spearheaded by the Directorate General of Armaments and Materiel (DGAM). Currently, the Pulsed Laser Center in Salamanca explores various paths for creating directed energy weapons using high-power lasers.

Global Media Coverage Spotlights Protests and Discontent in Spain Over Socialist Government's Pact with Independence Parties

Reuters: Biggest protest in Spain against Catalan amnesty law draws 170,000

About 170,000 people marched through Madrid on Saturday in the largest protest yet against an amnesty law which Spain's Socialists agreed over Catalonia's 2017 separatist bid in order to form a government.

The demonstration, the latest in a series of protests in cities across the country against the amnesty, took place two days after Spain's Socialist Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez won a four-year term with the backing of Catalan and Basque nationalist parties in return for agreeing to the law.

The Guardian: Rally held in Madrid against Catalan amnesty after Sánchez sworn in as Spanish PM

At least 170,000 people gathered in central Madrid for another large protest against the controversial Catalan amnesty law that has allowed Spain’s socialist prime minister, Pedro Sánchez, to secure a second term in office.

Sánchez was sworn in on Friday after winning an investiture vote the previous day that came almost four months after July’s inconclusive snap general election. Although the conservative People’s party (PP) narrowly beat Sánchez’s Spanish Socialist Workers party (PSOE) in the election, it was unable to secure the parliamentary support to form a government even with the backing of the far-right Vox party and other smaller groupings.

France 24:Thousands protest in Madrid over proposed amnesty for Catalan separatists

Around 170,000 people, according to police, gathered in Plaza de Cibeles in the heart of the Spanish capital in response to a call by right-wing leaders opposed to the amnesty plan.

Cries of "Sanchez, traitor", "Sanchez in jail" and "Catalonia is Spain" were shouted by protesters of all ages who carried Spanish and other European flags distributed by the European People's Party. 

The New York Times: Hundreds of Thousands Protest Spanish Prime Minister’s Deal With Separatists

The deal, which grants amnesty to secessionists, is meant to give Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez enough support to form a coalition to stay in power.

Hundreds of thousands of incensed Spaniards responded to the call of conservative parties on Sunday and packed squares across the country to protest a deal that Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez, a Socialist, reached with secessionists to grant them amnesties in exchange for the political support required for him to retain power.

Al Jazeera: Large protests against Catalan amnesty deal in Madrid after PM sworn in

About 170,000 took to the streets, a day after Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez was sworn in for a second term. 

Tens of thousands of protesters have marched through Madrid in opposition to a controversial Catalan amnesty law that enabled Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez to form a government for a second term.

Sanchez’s Spanish Socialist Workers’ Party (PSOE) secured the backing of the Catalan separatist Junts party by offering amnesty to those linked to a botched bid for regional independence six years ago.

Financial Times: Mass protests over amnesty deal in Spain as hard-right condemns ‘coup’

Premier Pedro Sánchez is vilified over pact with Catalan separatists but says his opponents are heading for ‘abyss’.

Tens of thousands of protesters took to the streets across Spain on Sunday to condemn Pedro Sánchez as anger mounts over the acting prime minister’s plan to offer an amnesty to Catalan separatists in order to stay in power.

The conservative opposition convened protests in 53 cities as Sánchez prepares to grant clemency to people involved in an unlawful 2017 push for Catalan independence, a deal that will deliver him the parliamentary votes he needs for another term.

Romania Strengthens NATO Alliance with New F-16 Training Hub Amid Eastern Europe's Security Concerns

Romania, a NATO member since 2004, took a significant step on Monday, November 13th, inaugurating an international training hub designed explicitly for F-16 jet pilots from allied nations and partnersa NATO member since 2004, took a significant step on Monday, November 13th, inaugurating an international training hub designed explicitly for F-16 jet pilots from allied nations and partners. The facility, established at an air base in Fetesti in southeast Romania, serves the purpose of enhancing interoperability among NATO allies. Romania's defense ministry highlighted that this initiative aims to fortify the military alliance's capabilities in addressing the intricate challenges prevalent in Eastern Europe and the Black Sea region.

The training center, a joint effort involving the Royal Netherlands Air Force supplying the F-16 U.S.-made warplanes and Lockheed Martin providing instructors and maintenance, is strategically positioned given Romania's long border with Ukraine. This move aligns with recent developments as NATO countries responded to Ukraine's requests for sophisticated fighter planes following Russia's invasion in February 2022.

In light of the conflict, Romania significantly increased defense spending, while NATO reinforced its presence in Europe's eastern flank by deploying additional multinational battle groups to member countries such as Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Slovakia. Romania's proactive stance on regional security challenges was further underlined by its recent efforts to procure 54 cutting-edge Abrams main battle tanks from the United States, valued at over a billion dollars.

Additionally, Romania's commitment to modernizing its air force was evident as the Supreme Council of National Defense approved the acquisition of the latest generation of American-made F-35 fighter jets. The country's active involvement in the alliance was evident in its hosting of a NATO foreign ministers' meeting in November 2022, further solidifying its role within the NATO framework. 

Germany Boosts P-8 Poseidon Fleet with Additional Three Aircraft, Total Order Reaches Eight

 

Germany's naval aviation, the Marineflieger, is set to bolster its fleet with the procurement of three more Poseidon maritime patrol and anti-submarine aircraft. This acquisition brings the total P-8A fleet count for the Marineflieger to eight, as announced by the Ministry of Defence today. The added investment is valued at €1.1 billion.

Previously, speculation arose in November concerning Germany's request to modify an existing Foreign Military Sale (FMS) agreement for five P-8A aircraft initially approved in 2021, valued at $1.77 billion, with deliveries expected to commence in 2024. The procurement of the additional three aircraft will enable the German Marineflieger to replace its aging P-3C fleet on a one-to-one basis.

The decision to augment the fleet comes after the older Orion MPA, acquired from the Netherlands in 2006, encountered increasing availability issues over the years. Originally intended for life-extension and service into the 2030s, a collaborative program with France, the Maritime Airborne Warfare System (MAWS), aimed to replace both the German P-3C and the French Breguet Atlantique ATL2 MPA. Unfortunately, this joint effort faced a significant setback when the German life-extension program failed, leading to the effective retirement of the single airframe used for evaluation.

The German MPAs have been actively deployed in NATO- and EU-related missions, including anti-piracy patrols off Somalia and surveillance flights in the Mediterranean off Libya. With the failure of the life-extension program, pressure mounted on the Marineflieger and the Ministry of Defence to address the issue promptly.

Germany had initially viewed the purchase of five Poseidons as an "interim" solution until the operationalization of MAWS, which aims to replace all retired Breguet Atlantique ATL1 aircraft. However, the total requirement for the Marineflieger's MPA-component stands at twelve aircraft, necessitating a full replacement of the retired Atlantique ATL1 that reached the end of their service life, leading to the Orion purchase.

While there had been discussions to acquire up to seven additional Poseidons for Germany, events such as the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 prompted Chancellor Scholz to emphasize increased defense spending and NATO contributions. Nonetheless, due to funding constraints, the German Navy is unlikely to acquire the full desired number of aircraft.

The recently published "Zielbild Marine 2035+" now confirms the acquisition of eight P-8A aircraft, fulfilling the immediate requirement for naval aviation. Although this addition of three aircraft falls short of the optimum target, it effectively revitalizes the existing Orion fleet. However, the original characterization of the purchase as "interim" now faces significant doubt regarding its long-term viability. Furthermore, integrating the American P-8A into any Franco-German maritime warfare system appears impractical without pertinent technical consents from the United States, not to mention the substantial associated costs.

Morris ANGB Selected as Training Ground for Slovakia's F-16s in Joint Program

The Department of the Air Force has designated Morris Air National Guard Base in Arizona as the prime location to house up to nine Slovak-owned F-16s for a temporary stationing in the United States.This arrangement is set to commence in the spring of 2024 and continue through fiscal year 2026, operating under the purview of the 162nd Wing.

The integration of Slovak-owned F-16s at Morris ANGB will necessitate an increase of nearly 30 Air National Guard (ANG) personnel. However, it's important to note that only four of the potentially allotted nine aircraft will be utilized for the purpose of conducting flight training for Slovak Air Force pilots.

This strategic decision aims not to supplant the ongoing initial qualification pilot training facilitated by the 162nd Wing for the Slovak Air Force. Instead, it seeks to supplement and expedite the enhancement of the Slovak pilot cadre, thereby augmenting their proficiency and capabilities.

AH-64E Apache Production Begins for Morocco

Boeing has initiated the production of the inaugural Apache AH-64E helicopter, marking the commencement of a 24-unit order designated for the Royal Moroccan Air Forces (FAR).

This significant development stems from a 2020 equipment agreement between the United States and Morocco, elevating the North African nation to the esteemed status of the 17th country deploying this cutting-edge combat helicopter.

Plans are currently underway at the Khouribga military base to facilitate the integration of Apache squadrons, scheduled to commence operations from late 2024 into early 2025. The anticipation is extended due to the sophisticated nature of these helicopters, accentuated by their advanced systems. Boeing highlights their prowess in "communications, navigation, sensors, and weapons systems," alongside an enhanced and modernized target designation structure providing comprehensive day, night, and all-weather targeting information, as well as night-vision navigation capabilities.

Described for its combat prowess and equipped with state-of-the-art military technologies, the Apache is known for its exemplary performance in the field.

Boeing emphasizes that the helicopter boasts an open systems architecture that encompasses the latest in communications, navigation, sensor, and weapon systems, signifying a substantial leap forward for both the Moroccan military and the burgeoning partnership between the Alawites and their increasingly integrated US counterparts.

This development signifies a pivotal advancement for the Royal Moroccan Air Force (FAR), particularly in a time of heightened regional instability. The ongoing tension with Algeria and the persistent attacks by the Polisario Front serve as a reminder to the Kingdom, which navigates through a tumultuous period while endeavoring to preserve its regional leadership—a position that the Algerians seek to challenge, without success at the moment.

Spanish frigate 'Méndez Nuñez' integrates into the US strike group deployed to the Mediterranean to provide support to Israel

Sources from Spain's Ministry of Defense deny any connection to the Israeli conflict, framing the recent activities as part of routine measures to 'enhance joint capabilities' of the US Navy within the 'Noble Shield' operation.

On October 9th, the Pentagon directed the Carrier Strike Group of the USS Gerald R. Ford to the Eastern Mediterranean to assist Israel in its offensive against Hamas. This deployment comprised the US Navy aircraft carrier USS Gerald R. Ford (CVN-78), the guided-missile cruiser USS Normandy (CG 60) of the Ticonderoga class, alongside guided-missile destroyers of the Arleigh-Burke class, USS Thomas Hudner (DDG 116), USS Ramage (DDG 61), USS Carney (DDG 64), and USS Roosevelt (DDG 80). Notably, the latter destroyer was among the four vessels stationed at the Rota military base.

Spain's Chief of Defense (EMAD) confirmed that the frigate 'Méndez Núñez' is conducting training activities with the US Navy Strike Group in the Eastern Mediterranean. EMAD emphasized that this integration "has nothing to do with Israel" and aims to 'implement joint procedures to increase interoperability and enhance combined capabilities.'

Specifically, the frigate 'Méndez Núñez' participated in an anti-aircraft defense exercise alongside the Group's vessels and F/A-18 Super Hornet aircraft of the US Navy. Moreover, personnel exchanges were conducted with the USS 'Normandy'. Flight operations were carried out to acquaint both crews and pilots with helicopters and respective naval platforms.

An SH60B helicopter from the frigate 'Méndez Núñez' landed on the American aircraft carrier, while an MH60R helicopter interacted with the frigate 'Méndez Núñez'.

Spanish Government Authorizes Weapon Integration for Air Force Drones

In a pivotal decision during the Tuesday, November 14th session, the Council of Ministers greenlit a contract for the acquisition and integration of the Hellfire air-to-surface missile and its associated equipment into the Air Force's Predator UAVs. The estimated value of this contract stands at €13,395,015. This move aims to modernize and enhance the capabilities of these UAVs while bolstering the Air Force's air-to-surface capabilities, specifically for supporting and safeguarding various Armed Forces Units and their personnel during operations.

Earlier this year, plans were unveiled to initiate the process of arming these drones in 2023, as reported in the Aeronautics and Astronautics Journal, the official publication of the Spanish Air Force. Initially configured for intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) missions, the Spanish aircraft, however, have the potential to carry missiles and conduct ground target attack operations using the system developed by the U.S.-based company, General Atomics.

For the MQ-9 Reaper to be armed, a mere software update at the Ground Control Station (GCS) - the point of ground-based aircraft control - and the installation of additional hardware on the devices, primarily pylons, bomb racks, and specific components for each weapon, are required.

Spain, which is equipped with four units of the 'Predator B Block 5' version, follows the footsteps of other nations that have integrated weaponry into their drones, including the United States, Italy, France, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom.

The first two 'Block 5' units arrived in Spain in December 2019, followed by the remaining two a year later. They operate within the 233 Squadron of Wing 23 and frequently conduct missions from the Talavera la Real Air Base, with occasional deployments to the military aerodrome in Lanzarote for surveillance over the Canary Islands region.

Israel to Provide $1.2B Air Defense Systems to Unnamed Partner, Sparking Rumors on Morocco's Military Arms Race Against Countries in the Region

The Israeli Defense Ministry has secured a $1.2 billion deal to provide air defense systems to an undisclosed country as announced by IAI, the primary contractor for the transaction, on Thursday. Despite inquiries from Defense News, both the ministry and Israel Aerospace Industries declined to reveal the specific system and the identity of the customer involved in the agreement. However, the company emphasized that it is an "air defense system with advanced technological capabilities, which has been operationally proven."

Speculation in Israeli media points to the Barak air defense systems as a likely candidate. The Barak MR variant boasts a range of 35 kilometers (22 miles), while the Barak ER can reach up to 150 kilometers (93 miles). Designed to intercept aircraft, medium-range ballistic missiles, and cruise missiles, Barak missiles have already found customers in Morocco, Colombia, and India, with the latter participating in the development phase of the Barak 8 variant.

According to Pentagon documents leaked earlier this year, Morocco has reportedly acquired a shipment of the Israeli Barak MX defense system. The delivery process commenced in mid-2023, as reported by FAR Maroc, a forum dedicated to covering the activities of the Moroccan army. If the Barak ER deal is confirmed, Morocco stands to gain the capability to intercept missiles, aircraft, and UAVs within a range of 35 kilometers. Additionally, with the potential Barak ER deal, this interception range could extend up to 150 kilometers.

Morocco has previously sought and received Israeli assistance in various defense domains. In 2021, the country procured Israel's Skylock Dome anti-drone system, specifically designed to identify and counter unmanned aerial threats. Furthermore, Morocco has added to its arsenal by acquiring IAI Bluebird and Heron drones.

Israel Aerospace Industries also offers a range of other air and missile defense systems, including Arrow 2, Arrow 3, Sky Capture, and Eagle Eye III VSHORAD. This recent contract marks one of the largest deals in IAI's history and the third-largest for an Israeli air defense system. It follows the $3.5 billion sale of the Arrow 3 to Germany in August and the $1.8 billion Barak 8 sale to India.

Chilean Air Force to Modernize 36 F-16 Fighters

Chile is set to enhance 36 operational F-16 fighter jets in a deal stamped with Lockheed Martin, through a $177 million contract, as disclosed by the Pentagon. The agreement, announced on October 31, involves the modification of F-16AM/BM Block 15/20 MLU aircraft to the M6.6 standard. As stated by a spokesperson from Lockheed, the program aims to deliver advanced identification friend or foe capability and integrate the Link 16 tactical communications system.

The upgrade process is scheduled to occur in Fort Worth, Texas, and Greenville, South Carolina, along with Chilean Air Force maintenance workshops in Santiago and Antofagasta, according to information from both the Pentagon and Chilean military sources. Lockheed is expected to complete the project by November 30, 2032. The upgraded F-16s are anticipated to remain operational until the early 2040s, signifying the potential initiation of additional expenditures and agreements.

Initial plans included the installation of active electronically scanned array radars, but this has changed due to the current analogue radars being supplemented by real-time situational and targeting data from E-3D Sentry airborne warning and control aircraft, acquired from the U.K. in 2022.

The Chilean Air Force had sought funding for the F-16 upgrade program in 2019, with the U.S. State Department concurrently working on export authorization for associated systems and parts to Chile. However, the Chilean government declined the funding for technical and financial reasons, opting to instruct the service to request funds in the 2021 national budget. Although related sales were approved by the State Department in 2020, the Chilean government postponed the project amid the COVID-19 pandemic. 

Chile initially ordered 36 F-16 MLU jets from the Netherlands in two separate batches of 18 each in 2005 and 2009. The last aircraft were delivered in 2011, and while all jets are operational, two airframes are utilized for training technicians and ground crews.

Spain Abandons Plan to Acquire F-35 for Ejercito del Aire and Armada and Shifts Focus to Eurofighter Modernization and FCAS Development

In a surprising twist of events, Spain has reversed its initial inclination, announced in November 2021, to acquire the F-35 Lightning II. Initially considered as the replacement for some of the existing Boeing EF-18 Hornet and AV-8B Harrier II aircraft, the F-35 is now encountering challenges in the face of Spain's exploration of the upgraded Long Term Evolution [LTE] variant of the Eurofighter.

In November 2021, the Pentagon, conveyed by Vice Admiral Mathias W. “Mat” Winter, the Director of the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter Program at that time, informed lawmakers that among the countries considered as potential Foreign Military Sales customers for the F-35 were Singapore, Greece, Romania, Spain, and Poland. Consequently, the United States had set its sights on securing a contract with Spain, having successfully navigated negotiations with all listed nations except Greece, which is actively contemplating the acquisition.

During the IQPC International Fighter Conference [IFC] 2023 held in Madrid from November 6 to 8, the Spanish Defense Ministry communicated to the press that their primary focus remains on procuring the Eurofighter. They explicitly stated that there are no indications of interest in pursuing any other type of weapons system. The Ministry of Defence remarked, "We have no information about Spain’s interest in acquiring another weapons system other than the Eurofighter," as reported by Janes.

This announcement signals that Spain has rejected any potential F-35 purchase, at least for now. Lockheed Martin and the F-35 has won contracts from NATO members, beating contenders as the french Rafale, the swedish JAS-39 Gripen and the partially built in Spain Eurofighter Typhoon, despite pleas from French authorities for its neighbors to “buy European.”

According to Military experts, the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter's success can be attributed primarily to its strong interoperability with allies and partners within NATO partners, and the aircraft's well-defined upgrade roadmap.

These factors combined have not worked for Spain, which has shown its preference for the partially homebuilt 4.5th-generation Eurofighter Typhoon and the FCAS (Future Combat Air System, 6th Gen aircraft developed for Germany, France and Spain). 

Speculation regarding the preference for the F-35 gained traction in May of this year, following the Spanish government's announcement of a commitment to increase its defense budget to align with NATO's targets by 2029.

At that time, Gen. Javier Salto Martínez-Avial, Chief of the Air & Space Force, outlined a "long-term" objective for the Spanish Ministry of Defense to acquire a fifth-generation fighter, alongside the procurement of additional Eurofighter Typhoons. However, it seems there has been some reevaluation internally, as the government appears less inclined to invest in the costly F-35 fighters from the United States.

The F-35B , the AV-8B+ Harrier and Armada Española (Spanish Navy)

This controversial decision to abandon the acquisition of the F-35 5th Generation fighter to replace the F-18 and AV-8B Harrier becomes even more contentious when considering the prospect that Spain will definitively lose, by the year 2028, the capability to deploy a fixed-wing naval aviation. Currently, the Navy's doctrine is focused on projecting its power through the support of fighter, bomber, and maritime attack aircraft. The absence of fixed-wing naval aircraft would imply that the LHD 'Juan Carlos I' and its battle group would lose their relevance and strategic purpose in a concerning international context.

The Spanish Navy is in a crucial phase of its evolution regarding its carrier-based strike fighters. The Harriers in service with the Navy are nearing the end of their operational life, and the successor and replacement time are yet to be decided. The Italian Navy, the US Marines, and the Royal Navy are transitioning to the F-35B, leaving the Spanish Navy as one of the last and only users of the Harrier.

Replacing the Harriers is a matter that requires careful planning, as the acquisition process takes a long time, depending on demand and production capacity. The Harrier AV-8B arrived in FLOAN in the 1980s in its "Day Attack" version and has undergone continuous improvements over the years, with the B+ version being the most recent. However, these aircraft are approaching the end of their service life, and they are expected to be retired around 2030.

In addition to platform obsolescence, it should be noted that in 2028, the cooperative program that has sustained the sustainability and updates of the Harriers throughout their lifecycle will end. Despite these limitations, work is ongoing on improvements, such as the installation of the Mode 5 IFF across the fleet, and other updates in avionics, systems, and weaponry to extend their relevance until retirement.

The only model that can replace the Harriers is the F-35B, a 5th generation aircraft capable of operating from amphibious ships, adopted by the US Marines, the Italian Navy, the Royal Navy, and more recently for the Japanese Navy. Losing the capability of having carrier-based fixed-wing aircraft would be a setback to the strategic ambition of the Spanish Navy. The flexibility provided by an embarked air wing with fixed-wing jets is evident, from combat air patrols to support in Marine Corps landings, combining firepower with other units for coordinated strikes or even the ability to target inland objectives.

The Spanish Navy recognizes the importance of ensuring its naval aviation capability and is working on acquiring the new F-35B, which is seen as an imminent necessity to maintain operational flexibility in a constantly evolving security environment.

The LTE of Eurofighter

The decision to withdraw from F-35 discussions also coincides with considerations for retrofitting the Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrades onto the Eurofighter combat aircraft, potentially expanding its fleet.        

The Long Term Evolution [LTE] iteration of the Eurofighter represents a modernized rendition of the original Eurofighter Typhoon aircraft, integrating cutting-edge technologies and enhancements to elevate its overall capabilities and performance.

Within the LTE variant, notable improvements are discernible across critical domains such as avionics, sensors, and communication systems. These advancements contribute to heightened situational awareness, superior data-sharing capabilities, and increased interoperability with both airborne and ground systems.

A pivotal aspect of the LTE version lies in its state-of-the-art radar system. Equipped with an Active Electronically Scanned Array [AESA] radar, this configuration delivers an expanded detection range, enhanced target tracking precision, and heightened resilience against electronic countermeasures.

Complementing the radar upgrade, the LTE variant also encompasses refinements to its electronic warfare systems. This ensures a bolstered self-protection mechanism and improved countermeasures to effectively mitigate potential threats.

In response to a question posed by Janes at IQPC International Fighter Conference [IFC] 2023, regarding the interest of the Spanish Air and Space Force (Ejército del Aire y del Espacio: EdAE) in the LTE upgrade, the Ministry of Defense (MoD) indicated that this enhancement could be applied across the entire Eurofighter fleet, encompassing aircraft currently under contract or earmarked for future procurement.

The MoD clarified, “Halcon I and Halcon II will not be acquired with the LTE standard, currently under development. However, both Halcon I and Halcon II, along with earlier tranches, may undergo an upgrade to the LTE standard in the future.”

Ejército del Airte is integrating 20 Tranche 4 (contracted under Halcon I) and 25 Tranche 4+ (selected under Halcon II, with a pending contract) aircraft into its existing fleet of 17 Tranche 1, 32 Tranche 2, and 19 Tranche 3 Eurofighters, which serve as a partial replacement for the 91 EF-18A and EF-18B Hornets.

Given that the LTE modifications would not be suitable for the Tranche 1 aircraft, it leaves 96 Tranche 2, 3, 4, and 4+ Eurofighters (along with any potential leftovers from a prospective Halcon III purchase for Tranche 5) eligible for potential LTE enhancements.

Under a €2-billion contract negotiated and signed last year, Spain is slated to receive 20 Typhoons between 2025 and 2030 to replace its aging F-18 aircraft. The decision to opt for Typhoons over the American stealth fighter played a significant role, driven by the political self-interest of European nations involved in Typhoon production. Airbus’s industrial footprint in Spain, sustaining 20,000 direct and indirect jobs, including the assembly and testing of Spain’s newest Typhoons, undoubtedly factored into this decision.

While incorporating upgrades into its extensive fleet won't transform the Eurofighter into a modern stealth jet, it will undoubtedly enhance the capabilities of Spain's Eurofighter operations. 

Related: 

Spain approves deal for 25 New Eurofighters under 'Halcon II' program

Spain could have finalised deal for 32 F-35s to replace EF-18's and Harriers

France, Germany, Spain agree on moving on with FCAS development

First Flight Successfully Completed by the B-21 Raider

 

The historic event was captured on video in Palmdale, California, near the U.S. Air Force Plant 42, during the morning of Friday, November 10. In the footage, the B-21 Raider can be seen with its landing gear deployed (a typical procedure for the initial flights of an aircraft), escorted by an F-16 aircraft.

The aircraft was unveiled by Northrop Grumman Corporation and the United States Air Force (USAF) on December 2, 2022, where it was described as the world's first sixth-generation combat aircraft. The B-21 is the latest addition to the United States' nuclear triad.

The B-21 is a stealthy, long-range bomber with significant survivability capabilities, capable of carrying a combination of conventional and nuclear munitions. It was developed with future modernization in mind, ensuring that the aircraft and technology can evolve over time to adapt to changing threats.

Spain Authorizes 580 Million Euro Deal for Patriot and NSM Missiles

Spain's Council of Ministers, in its meeting on November 7, has given the green light to two missile purchase programs, amounting to a combined total of €580 million. This significant decision is a crucial component of Spain's broader initiative for the rearmament of its Armed Forces, a strategic move influenced by the insights gained from the conflict in Ukraine. The two programs in question involve the acquisition of Patriot missiles and Naval Strike Missiles (NSM), with a substantial budget allocation of €400 million for Patriots and €180 million for NSMs.

Patriot Missile Program:

The procurement of state-of-the-art Patriot missiles is deemed imperative for ensuring the continued effectiveness of the missile defense system. The goal is to replace outdated components, guaranteeing the security of Spain's national airspace and upholding commitments made within the NATO alliance. The estimated value of the Patriot missile framework agreement is €400 million. This advanced missile system, configured in the 3+ setup, is designed to intercept and neutralize ballistic missiles, showcasing enhanced precision and capabilities at distances exceeding 100 kilometers.

The Spanish Ministry of Defense, in its pursuit of modernization, authorized the acquisition of Patriot missiles from the United States in early October, specifying the 3+ configuration. The comprehensive program involves the upgrade of launchers in the Army to the 3+ configuration, along with the procurement of the latest Patriot Advanced Capability-3 (PAC-3MSE) missiles. All launchers, both upgraded and new, are set to be integrated into the heavy-duty Iveco vehicles currently in service across the Armed Forces. These new missiles, although smaller in size, boast advanced onboard technology significantly enhancing their precision compared to earlier versions. Their primary mission is to intercept and bring down ballistic missiles at distances well beyond 100 kilometers.

Spain initially acquired its first Patriot battery from Germany in 2004, followed a decade later by the purchase of two additional second-hand batteries from Germany to fulfill commitments made during the NATO summit in 2014. The Army received these acquisitions, including the Central Control and Information (ICC) station, vehicle carriers, communication equipment, and logistical elements, in June 2015. One of the three batteries is permanently deployed in NATO's Active Fence mission in Turkey, safeguarding the city of Adana against potential ballistic missile threats from neighboring Syria.

NSM Missile Program:

The Spanish Navy has opted for the NSM, developed by Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace, to replace the aging Harpoon missile system. The NSM is slated to be equipped on F-100 frigates after their mid-life upgrade and on the upcoming F-110 class frigates and S80 submarines. The collaboration between the Spanish shipbuilder Navantia and Kongsberg aims to foster joint efforts in integrating NSMs into both current and future naval units.

The NSM, with a remarkable range exceeding 185 kilometers, is set to replace the Harpoon missiles currently in service with the Spanish Navy. The retirement of the Harpoon missiles is anticipated around 2030, aligning with current plans. Notably, the NSM has garnered recent interest from other European countries such as the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and Poland. In late 2022, the Spanish Government granted the Ministry of Defense the authority to enter into a contract valued at €125 million for the acquisition of NSMs. However, specific details regarding the quantity of missiles and associated equipment included in the order have not been disclosed as of now.

The NSM's multifaceted capabilities make it a versatile addition to the Spanish Navy's arsenal. With a range that far exceeds its predecessor, the NSM not only serves as an anti-ship missile but also provides the capability for selective and precise attacks on land targets. Equipped with a military-grade GPS navigation system and a laser altimeter, the NSM employs Terrain Reference Navigation (TRN) to identify targets, using the same image recognition system employed against naval targets. Its cutting-edge technology, including a sophisticated infrared image recognition system and a high-explosive warhead encased in a titanium shell, ensures accurate target discrimination and minimizes collateral damage.

In conclusion, Spain's recent approval of these missile acquisition programs underscores its commitment to modernizing and fortifying its defense capabilities. This strategic move reflects a proactive response to evolving geopolitical challenges and aims to position Spain as a technologically advanced and capable force on the global stage.

Related:

Spain reinforces its air defense with new Patriot missile batteries PATRIOT Configuration-3+ Modernized

Italian Fincantieri Wins $795M Contract for US Navy FFG(X) Frigate Program, beating Spanish Navantia F-110

Spain could build 3 AWD destroyers and 6 corvettes for Australia due to cost overruns in its current frigate manufacturing program

US MQ-9 Drones Conduct Surveillance Missions Over Gaza During Israel-Hamas Conflict

The U.S. has been conducting surveillance missions over Gaza using MQ-9 drones in an effort to gather information about hostages held by Hamas and other militants. These missions began after Hamas' attack on Israel on October 7, which resulted in significant casualties. Approximately 240 hostages, including some American citizens, were taken by Hamas. The drones are not armed with weapons and are focused solely on surveillance.

The Pentagon, on November 3, acknowledged these flights and stated that they are also providing advice and assistance to support Israeli efforts in hostage recovery. Additionally, other unarmed U.S. military assets, such as RC-135 Rivet Joint signals intelligence aircraft, P-8 Poseidon maritime patrol and surveillance aircraft, and various ISR platforms, have been operating in the Middle East over the past year.

A U.S. Air Force RC-135 Rivet Joint aircraft was observed flying off the coast of Israel and Gaza recently, as per publicly available transponder data. Furthermore, assets like the E-2D Hawkeye and E/A-18 Growler aircraft are currently stationed on the USS Gerald R. Ford aircraft carrier in the eastern Mediterranean Sea.

A senior U.S. defense official stated on October 30 that their presence in the region is aimed at supporting any necessary requests to ensure the safety of U.S. forces, personnel, and interests across the region. In response to Hamas' attack, the British government also announced the deployment of P-8s as part of a larger force meant to provide practical support to Israel and its partners in the region.

Spain greenlights the acquisition of 68 AIM-120 AMRAAM Missiles

On October 30th, the Spanish Council of Ministers has given the green light for a procurement contract encompassing 68 AIM-120-C8 AMRAAM missiles, 4 AAVIs (AMRAAM Air Vehicle Instrumented), 10 testers, 20 captive missiles, and 5 additional containers for these captive missiles. These acquisitions are designated for use by the Spanish Air and Space Force and the Spanish Army (Ejército del Aire and Ejército de Tierra).

The estimated value of this missile purchase stands at €100 million. This acquisition is formalized through an amendment to the Contract for the Acquisition and Integration Support of the AMRAAM Missile Model with the United States Government, the sole provider of this weapons system. The incorporation of this equipment will ensure the maintenance and update of minimum reserve stocks for aircraft and weapon systems employed by the Spanish Air and Space Force and the Spanish Army that rely on these missiles, thereby enhancing their mission fulfillment and capabilities.

Included in the contract is a comprehensive logistical support package for the maintenance and upkeep of this equipment throughout its service life, complete with spare parts and technical documentation.

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