Royal Netherlands Air Force Marks New Chapter: F-35 Fleet Achieves Full Operational Capability as F-16s are Retired

 The announcement that the Royal Netherlands Air Force (RNLAF) has declared its fleet of F-35A Lightning II aircraft as fully operational represents a significant milestone in the modernization of the country’s defense capabilities. This achievement means that the F-35s have reached Full Operational Capability (FOC), enabling them to conduct critical missions including airspace surveillance, counterterrorism operations, and also participation in NATO's nuclear deterrence strategy.

The Context of the F-35 in the Royal Netherlands Air Force

The F-35A is a fifth-generation stealth fighter designed to perform a wide range of functions on the modern battlefield, replacing the older F-16, which for more than four decades served as the backbone of the country's air defense. Lieutenant General Dennis Luyt, commander of the Royal Netherlands Air Force, highlighted the strategic importance of the F-35 by stating: *“The F-35 allows us to deliver critical long-range military effects at any time. This is a game changer for the Dutch Armed Forces.”*

This fighter is equipped with advanced stealth technology, integrated sensors, and a greater operational range compared to its predecessor, making it an indispensable tool for both defensive and offensive operations. Additionally, the F-35 can perform missions that would expose other fighters, thanks to its ability to evade radar and its advanced situational awareness, allowing it to identify and strike targets with unprecedented precision.

The Transition from the F-16 to the F-35

The shift from the F-16 to the F-35 has been a carefully planned process over the past decade. The RNLAF has been progressively integrating the F-35 into its fleet since it received its first aircraft in 2019. This process reached its culmination in 2024, with the official retirement of the F-16 from active service. The last operational flight of an F-16 took place during a ceremony on September 27, 2024, at Volkel Air Base, where homage was paid to this aircraft that has been a key pillar of NATO operations and the national defense of the Netherlands.

The F-16 was first introduced in 1979, and since then, it has participated in numerous international missions, including operations in the Balkans, Iraq, Afghanistan, and more recently in the Baltic as part of NATO’s air policing operations. Despite its impressive record, the F-16’s technology has become outdated in the face of the increasing demands of modern warfare, particularly against advanced threats such as Russian and Chinese air defense systems. Therefore, replacing the F-16 with the F-35 not only improves the Netherlands’ defense capability but also ensures its relevance in future NATO operations.

The Role of the F-35 in International Defense

The declaration of the full operational capability of the F-35 allows the RNLAF to deploy these aircraft across a full spectrum of international operations. With advanced stealth capabilities and superior sensor systems, the F-35 is a crucial asset for both air defense and strike missions. Its ability to collect, process, and share information in real-time makes it a "force multiplier," not just for the Netherlands, but for all NATO allies with whom it operates.

Moreover, the F-35 is designed to seamlessly integrate with NATO’s defense infrastructure, ensuring that the Netherlands will play a crucial role in Europe’s collective security. NATO has increasingly focused on upgrading the air fleets of its member states, given that current threats require aircraft capable of operating in more complex and dangerous environments, including airspaces denied by advanced air defense systems.

International Collaboration and Nuclear Capability

It is important to note that the operational capability of the F-35 ensures that the Netherlands can continue to fulfill its role within NATO’s nuclear deterrence framework. Since the Cold War, the Royal Netherlands Air Force has played a key role in delivering nuclear weapons on behalf of NATO under the alliance’s nuclear-sharing program. With the retirement of the F-16, the F-35 will also assume this responsibility. While details about these missions are generally classified, it is known that the F-35A can be equipped with tactical nuclear weapons, such as the B61 nuclear bomb, which strengthens NATO’s capacity to maintain a strategic balance in Europe.

Support for Ukraine and the Donation of F-16s

In addition to the internal transition to the F-35s, the Netherlands has made a significant contribution to Ukraine’s defense in its conflict with Russia. In an unprecedented move, the Netherlands announced that it would donate 24 F-16 aircraft to Ukraine, as part of international efforts to bolster the country’s air defenses against Russian attacks. The first batch of F-16s was transported to Ukraine in July 2024, and some of these aircraft have already been deployed in combat. This gesture not only helps Ukraine defend itself but also symbolizes the Netherlands’ commitment to security and stability in Eastern Europe.

Future Prospects

As the Royal Netherlands Air Force fully adopts the F-35, it enters a new era of defense capabilities. The advanced technology and versatility of this aircraft position the Netherlands as a leader within NATO when it comes to air power. Although the retirement of the F-16 marks the end of an important chapter in the country’s military history, the introduction of the F-35A ensures that the armed forces will be better equipped to face the security challenges of the future.

The use of the F-35 also reflects a broader trend within NATO toward the modernization of air fleets, as more European countries look to upgrade their militaries to face emerging threats, both conventional and unconventional. This shift ensures that NATO will remain a robust and adaptable alliance, capable of responding to any challenge in the near future.

In conclusion, the full operational capability of the F-35 in the Royal Netherlands Air Force is a monumental advancement that not only enhances national security but also strengthens the collective defense of Europe within NATO. With this aircraft in its arsenal, the Netherlands is well-prepared to contribute significantly to international operations and ensure its responsiveness to future threats.

Azerbaijan Acquires Advanced JF-17 Block-III Fighters in Major Military Deal with Pakistan

Azerbaijan has officially signed a contract to acquire JF-17 Block III fighter jets from Pakistan, marking a significant step in strengthening its air force capabilities. The deal, co-developed by Pakistan and China, aims to enhance Azerbaijan's airpower and military readiness, particularly in light of its long-standing tensions with Armenia.

This acquisition follows Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev's visit to Pakistan in July, where he was briefed on the combat capabilities of the JF-17 Block III aircraft. The fighter jets were presented to Aliyev during a ceremony at Heydar Aliyev International Airport on September 25, where he inspected the aircraft and was briefed on its technical and tactical characteristics. The event was attended by senior officials, including Azerbaijan’s Defense Minister Zakir Hasanov and Pakistan Aeronautical Complex Chairman Air Vice Marshal Hakim Raza.

The JF-17 Block III is a modern multi-role combat aircraft, known for its advanced avionics and versatility in undertaking various combat missions, including air-to-air and air-to-ground operations. Azerbaijan's procurement package includes pilot training and armaments, reflecting a comprehensive approach to upgrading its air force. This purchase is part of Azerbaijan’s broader strategy to diversify its military equipment suppliers, moving away from a reliance on Russian hardware.

The contract, valued at $1.6 billion, reportedly includes an initial delivery of eight jets, with the possibility of follow-on orders for additional aircraft. The introduction of these jets into Azerbaijan's arsenal is seen as a strategic move to bolster its defense capabilities, especially in light of its ongoing military modernization efforts after the Second Karabakh War.

Pakistan, which has long-standing ties with Azerbaijan, was one of the first countries to recognize its independence and has consistently supported Azerbaijan in its conflict with Armenia, including during the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh War. This defense deal further solidifies the military cooperation between the two nations, strengthening the bond between what are often referred to as "The Three Brothers" — Azerbaijan, Turkey, and Pakistan.

This agreement showcases Azerbaijan’s ongoing efforts to modernize its military and Pakistan’s role as a key defense partner. The JF-17 Block III, with its cutting-edge features and capabilities, is expected to significantly boost Azerbaijan's operational readiness in future regional conflicts.

 

The Argentine Navy Receives Its First P-3 Orion Aircraft to Strengthen Maritime Surveillance

On September 19, Argentina's Minister of Defense, Luis Petri, led the ceremony marking the incorporation of the first of four Lockheed Martin P-3 Orion aircraft acquired from Norway to enhance the Argentine Navy's capabilities in maritime space surveillance.

The aircraft landed at Almirante Zar Naval Air Base in Trelew, Chubut Province, earlier in September. During the ceremony, Petri emphasized the importance of this acquisition: "After decades where those responsible for leading the destiny of our Nation laughed in our faces, today we have a President who not only believes in what he says but also delivers on his promises."

Petri also highlighted that this purchase is part of a broader strategy to modernize the Armed Forces: "Since December 10, we have been tasked with making our Armed Forces a key player in this new Argentina, after 20 years of populism." He added that the acquisition of the P-3 Orion represents a technological leap that brings Argentina on par with other countries in the region.

Acquisition Details

Argentina purchased three P-3C Orions and one P-3N for logistical support, all of which underwent the Aircraft Service Life Extension Program (ASLEP), ensuring at least 15 more years of service, with around 17,000 flight hours remaining. This modernization process is crucial for keeping the maritime patrol aircraft fleet operational.

The P-3 Orion is a long-range patrol aircraft designed for control and surveillance missions in maritime areas, contributing to the preservation of sovereignty in Argentina's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and other areas under its jurisdiction. The P-3's capabilities include anti-surface and anti-submarine warfare, search and rescue (SAR), and humanitarian aid missions.

Operational Benefits for the Argentine Navy

The incorporation of these aircraft strengthens the concept of an Integrated Naval Force, improving coordination between aircraft and ships to expand the range of search and surveillance operations. With its flight autonomy and advanced systems, such as infrared cameras and high-precision sensors, the P-3 Orion offers real-time surveillance capabilities and a higher probability of detection over large maritime areas.

The aircraft has a wingspan of 30.38 meters and a range of 1,500 nautical miles, allowing it to cover Argentina's maritime coast and even Antarctica. It is also equipped with an automatic ship identification system and can carry rescue equipment, which significantly enhances the Argentine Navy's search and rescue operations.

Context of Modernization

This purchase is part of the National Public Investment Project, which aims to improve the operational and logistical capabilities of the Argentine naval aviation. The process to acquire the P-3s began due to the need to replace the previous fleet of P-3B aircraft, which had been in service for decades. The new aircraft, originally operated by the Royal Norwegian Air Force, underwent upgrades, including avionics and radar system improvements.

Regional Impact and Future Prospects

This acquisition not only strengthens Argentina's ability to monitor its vast maritime territory, including areas around the Falkland Islands, but also enhances its presence in the South Atlantic. The P-3 Orion aircraft are known for their reliability and operational versatility, enabling Argentina to perform long-range patrols, anti-submarine warfare, and search and rescue missions.

The Argentine government has emphasized that this purchase is a significant step towards modernizing its military capabilities, despite the country's budgetary constraints. Officials have noted that this investment is designed to protect Argentina's maritime resources and enhance its ability to address challenges such as illegal fishing.

Peru Evaluates Dassault Rafale as Favorite for Air Force Acquisition of 24 Fighter Jets

The Peruvian government has initiated a significant step toward modernizing its Air Force by proposing the acquisition of 24 new fighter jets. Among the options being considered, the Dassault Rafale has emerged as the favorite. This French multi-role fighter, known for its cutting-edge capabilities, is poised to become a central component of Peru's future defense strategy.

A Strategic Decision: Peru's Move Toward Advanced Air Power

In late 2024, Walter Astudillo Chávez, the Peruvian Minister of Defense, announced to the National Defense and Internal Order Commission of Congress that provisions had been made in the 2025 budget for the procurement of new fighter jets. The acquisition is framed as part of a broader plan to enhance the country's military readiness and reinforce its air force capabilities. According to the proposed budget, $2 billion has been allocated for this first phase of the project.

Minister Astudillo emphasized the strategic importance of these new jets, stating that they would provide Peru with a critical level of air deterrence in the region. "Once we acquire these aircraft, we will have a formidable defensive position in South America," he said during a session with Congress. This move reflects a shift in Peru's defense priorities, focusing on strengthening aerial power, particularly after years of underinvestment in air defense capabilities.

The Competitors: Rafale, F-16, and Gripen

Three primary contenders are being considered for the Peruvian Air Force’s (FAP) modernization program: the Dassault Rafale, Lockheed Martin F-16V Block 70, and the SAAB JAS 39 Gripen E. Among these, the Rafale has emerged as the unofficial frontrunner, even though its acquisition cost is relatively high.

The Lockheed Martin F-16 faces certain challenges, primarily related to the unpredictable nature of U.S. foreign policy. Additionally, there have been recent operational issues, such as the unexplained loss of an F-16 donated to Ukraine during an air interdiction mission, raising concerns about its reliability in combat situations. While the F-16 remains a capable and battle-tested fighter, these factors could sway Peru away from its selection.

On the other hand, the Saab Gripen E has garnered interest due to its cost-effective operational capabilities and its association with Embraer and the Brazilian Air Force (FAB). Brazil is set to become a regional hub for the maintenance and upgrading of Gripen fighters, which could offer logistical and operational advantages. However, like the F-16, the Gripen E is an evolution of its original platform, whereas the Rafale is a completely new design, replacing the Mirage 2000, a fighter with which Peru is already familiar.

Why the Dassault Rafale?

The Dassault Rafale stands out for several reasons, and these advantages have positioned it as the likely victor in the Peruvian competition.

First and foremost, the Rafale is the only twin-engine fighter being seriously considered in this phase of the procurement process, which makes it a more robust and capable platform in terms of power and survivability compared to the single-engine F-16 and Gripen E. Its performance in combat situations has been consistently proven, particularly in operations conducted by France in the Middle East and North Africa, where its versatility in both air-to-air and air-to-ground missions has been demonstrated.

Moreover, the Rafale F4, the latest iteration of the fighter, offers state-of-the-art avionics, advanced radar systems, and multi-role capability, which allows it to excel in a variety of mission types, including air superiority, ground support, and reconnaissance. In contrast, the Gripen E is still being developed and integrated into service with the Brazilian Air Force, and the F-16V, while modernized, is a platform with decades of service.

The Rafale’s ability to operate effectively within the NATO framework is another advantage, as it is fully interoperable with NATO systems. This could be particularly beneficial as Peru seeks to modernize its military within the context of broader geopolitical dynamics, aiming to enhance its defense collaboration with Western allies.

A Broader Trend in Latin America

The Dassault Rafale is also gaining momentum across Latin America, as several countries in the region, including Colombia, are seeking to upgrade their aging fighter fleets. In 2021, Colombia selected the Rafale over competitors like the Eurofighter Typhoon, signaling a growing preference for the French aircraft among South American militaries. Although Colombia has not yet finalized the contract, it appears likely that Peru could be the first country in the region to introduce the Rafale into service.

The selection of the Rafale for Peru’s Air Force would represent a significant shift away from the reliance on Russian-made fighters that have historically formed the backbone of the country’s aerial combat capabilities. 

The Peruvian Air Force currently operates MiG-29s and Su-25s purchased from Belarus in the 1990s, as well as Mirage 2000P fighters acquired from France in the 1980s. However, much of this fleet is nearing the end of its operational life, with only a handful of MiG-29s and Su-25s still in service.

Financial Aspects and Offsets

The overall cost of acquiring 24 Rafale jets is estimated at around $3.5 billion, with a significant portion of the funding coming from national debt instruments and sovereign bonds. The initial $2 billion is expected to come from the 2025 national budget, with the remaining balance covered by 2026.

 An essential component of the procurement process is the offset agreement that would accompany the purchase. Peru is looking to secure significant technological and industrial benefits as part of the deal, which would include the transfer of aerospace technology and the development of domestic industrial capabilities in partnership with local private companies. These offsets could play a crucial role in supporting the growth of Peru’s defense industry, creating jobs, and boosting the country’s economy.

The Dassault Rafale offers compelling advantages in this regard, as France has a well-established track record of integrating offset agreements into its defense exports. This could be a deciding factor, as the Peruvian government is keen on securing long-term benefits that go beyond the immediate acquisition of military hardware.

Looking Forward: A Strategic Air Force Modernization

Peru's decision to modernize its air force has been a long time coming, with discussions about upgrading the aging fleet dating back to at least 2013. The final decision will be based on a combination of technical, economic, and offset considerations, with the Dassault Rafale currently leading the pack.

Minister Walter Astudillo Chávez has expressed confidence that this acquisition will allow Peru to "recover its full operational capabilities" and ensure that the Peruvian Air Force can effectively fulfill its constitutional roles in defending the nation. The delivery of the first aircraft is expected by mid-2026, with the full fleet operational by the end of the decade.

In conclusion, while there are other contenders, the Dassault Rafale stands out due to its superior performance, twin-engine reliability, and attractive offset packages. If selected, the Rafale would mark a significant upgrade in Peru’s air combat capabilities and position the country as a regional leader in military aviation.