Royal Netherlands Air Force Marks New Chapter: F-35 Fleet Achieves Full Operational Capability as F-16s are Retired

 The announcement that the Royal Netherlands Air Force (RNLAF) has declared its fleet of F-35A Lightning II aircraft as fully operational represents a significant milestone in the modernization of the country’s defense capabilities. This achievement means that the F-35s have reached Full Operational Capability (FOC), enabling them to conduct critical missions including airspace surveillance, counterterrorism operations, and also participation in NATO's nuclear deterrence strategy.

The Context of the F-35 in the Royal Netherlands Air Force

The F-35A is a fifth-generation stealth fighter designed to perform a wide range of functions on the modern battlefield, replacing the older F-16, which for more than four decades served as the backbone of the country's air defense. Lieutenant General Dennis Luyt, commander of the Royal Netherlands Air Force, highlighted the strategic importance of the F-35 by stating: *“The F-35 allows us to deliver critical long-range military effects at any time. This is a game changer for the Dutch Armed Forces.”*

This fighter is equipped with advanced stealth technology, integrated sensors, and a greater operational range compared to its predecessor, making it an indispensable tool for both defensive and offensive operations. Additionally, the F-35 can perform missions that would expose other fighters, thanks to its ability to evade radar and its advanced situational awareness, allowing it to identify and strike targets with unprecedented precision.

The Transition from the F-16 to the F-35

The shift from the F-16 to the F-35 has been a carefully planned process over the past decade. The RNLAF has been progressively integrating the F-35 into its fleet since it received its first aircraft in 2019. This process reached its culmination in 2024, with the official retirement of the F-16 from active service. The last operational flight of an F-16 took place during a ceremony on September 27, 2024, at Volkel Air Base, where homage was paid to this aircraft that has been a key pillar of NATO operations and the national defense of the Netherlands.

The F-16 was first introduced in 1979, and since then, it has participated in numerous international missions, including operations in the Balkans, Iraq, Afghanistan, and more recently in the Baltic as part of NATO’s air policing operations. Despite its impressive record, the F-16’s technology has become outdated in the face of the increasing demands of modern warfare, particularly against advanced threats such as Russian and Chinese air defense systems. Therefore, replacing the F-16 with the F-35 not only improves the Netherlands’ defense capability but also ensures its relevance in future NATO operations.

The Role of the F-35 in International Defense

The declaration of the full operational capability of the F-35 allows the RNLAF to deploy these aircraft across a full spectrum of international operations. With advanced stealth capabilities and superior sensor systems, the F-35 is a crucial asset for both air defense and strike missions. Its ability to collect, process, and share information in real-time makes it a "force multiplier," not just for the Netherlands, but for all NATO allies with whom it operates.

Moreover, the F-35 is designed to seamlessly integrate with NATO’s defense infrastructure, ensuring that the Netherlands will play a crucial role in Europe’s collective security. NATO has increasingly focused on upgrading the air fleets of its member states, given that current threats require aircraft capable of operating in more complex and dangerous environments, including airspaces denied by advanced air defense systems.

International Collaboration and Nuclear Capability

It is important to note that the operational capability of the F-35 ensures that the Netherlands can continue to fulfill its role within NATO’s nuclear deterrence framework. Since the Cold War, the Royal Netherlands Air Force has played a key role in delivering nuclear weapons on behalf of NATO under the alliance’s nuclear-sharing program. With the retirement of the F-16, the F-35 will also assume this responsibility. While details about these missions are generally classified, it is known that the F-35A can be equipped with tactical nuclear weapons, such as the B61 nuclear bomb, which strengthens NATO’s capacity to maintain a strategic balance in Europe.

Support for Ukraine and the Donation of F-16s

In addition to the internal transition to the F-35s, the Netherlands has made a significant contribution to Ukraine’s defense in its conflict with Russia. In an unprecedented move, the Netherlands announced that it would donate 24 F-16 aircraft to Ukraine, as part of international efforts to bolster the country’s air defenses against Russian attacks. The first batch of F-16s was transported to Ukraine in July 2024, and some of these aircraft have already been deployed in combat. This gesture not only helps Ukraine defend itself but also symbolizes the Netherlands’ commitment to security and stability in Eastern Europe.

Future Prospects

As the Royal Netherlands Air Force fully adopts the F-35, it enters a new era of defense capabilities. The advanced technology and versatility of this aircraft position the Netherlands as a leader within NATO when it comes to air power. Although the retirement of the F-16 marks the end of an important chapter in the country’s military history, the introduction of the F-35A ensures that the armed forces will be better equipped to face the security challenges of the future.

The use of the F-35 also reflects a broader trend within NATO toward the modernization of air fleets, as more European countries look to upgrade their militaries to face emerging threats, both conventional and unconventional. This shift ensures that NATO will remain a robust and adaptable alliance, capable of responding to any challenge in the near future.

In conclusion, the full operational capability of the F-35 in the Royal Netherlands Air Force is a monumental advancement that not only enhances national security but also strengthens the collective defense of Europe within NATO. With this aircraft in its arsenal, the Netherlands is well-prepared to contribute significantly to international operations and ensure its responsiveness to future threats.

Azerbaijan Acquires Advanced JF-17 Block-III Fighters in Major Military Deal with Pakistan

Azerbaijan has officially signed a contract to acquire JF-17 Block III fighter jets from Pakistan, marking a significant step in strengthening its air force capabilities. The deal, co-developed by Pakistan and China, aims to enhance Azerbaijan's airpower and military readiness, particularly in light of its long-standing tensions with Armenia.

This acquisition follows Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev's visit to Pakistan in July, where he was briefed on the combat capabilities of the JF-17 Block III aircraft. The fighter jets were presented to Aliyev during a ceremony at Heydar Aliyev International Airport on September 25, where he inspected the aircraft and was briefed on its technical and tactical characteristics. The event was attended by senior officials, including Azerbaijan’s Defense Minister Zakir Hasanov and Pakistan Aeronautical Complex Chairman Air Vice Marshal Hakim Raza.

The JF-17 Block III is a modern multi-role combat aircraft, known for its advanced avionics and versatility in undertaking various combat missions, including air-to-air and air-to-ground operations. Azerbaijan's procurement package includes pilot training and armaments, reflecting a comprehensive approach to upgrading its air force. This purchase is part of Azerbaijan’s broader strategy to diversify its military equipment suppliers, moving away from a reliance on Russian hardware.

The contract, valued at $1.6 billion, reportedly includes an initial delivery of eight jets, with the possibility of follow-on orders for additional aircraft. The introduction of these jets into Azerbaijan's arsenal is seen as a strategic move to bolster its defense capabilities, especially in light of its ongoing military modernization efforts after the Second Karabakh War.

Pakistan, which has long-standing ties with Azerbaijan, was one of the first countries to recognize its independence and has consistently supported Azerbaijan in its conflict with Armenia, including during the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh War. This defense deal further solidifies the military cooperation between the two nations, strengthening the bond between what are often referred to as "The Three Brothers" — Azerbaijan, Turkey, and Pakistan.

This agreement showcases Azerbaijan’s ongoing efforts to modernize its military and Pakistan’s role as a key defense partner. The JF-17 Block III, with its cutting-edge features and capabilities, is expected to significantly boost Azerbaijan's operational readiness in future regional conflicts.

 

The Argentine Navy Receives Its First P-3 Orion Aircraft to Strengthen Maritime Surveillance

On September 19, Argentina's Minister of Defense, Luis Petri, led the ceremony marking the incorporation of the first of four Lockheed Martin P-3 Orion aircraft acquired from Norway to enhance the Argentine Navy's capabilities in maritime space surveillance.

The aircraft landed at Almirante Zar Naval Air Base in Trelew, Chubut Province, earlier in September. During the ceremony, Petri emphasized the importance of this acquisition: "After decades where those responsible for leading the destiny of our Nation laughed in our faces, today we have a President who not only believes in what he says but also delivers on his promises."

Petri also highlighted that this purchase is part of a broader strategy to modernize the Armed Forces: "Since December 10, we have been tasked with making our Armed Forces a key player in this new Argentina, after 20 years of populism." He added that the acquisition of the P-3 Orion represents a technological leap that brings Argentina on par with other countries in the region.

Acquisition Details

Argentina purchased three P-3C Orions and one P-3N for logistical support, all of which underwent the Aircraft Service Life Extension Program (ASLEP), ensuring at least 15 more years of service, with around 17,000 flight hours remaining. This modernization process is crucial for keeping the maritime patrol aircraft fleet operational.

The P-3 Orion is a long-range patrol aircraft designed for control and surveillance missions in maritime areas, contributing to the preservation of sovereignty in Argentina's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and other areas under its jurisdiction. The P-3's capabilities include anti-surface and anti-submarine warfare, search and rescue (SAR), and humanitarian aid missions.

Operational Benefits for the Argentine Navy

The incorporation of these aircraft strengthens the concept of an Integrated Naval Force, improving coordination between aircraft and ships to expand the range of search and surveillance operations. With its flight autonomy and advanced systems, such as infrared cameras and high-precision sensors, the P-3 Orion offers real-time surveillance capabilities and a higher probability of detection over large maritime areas.

The aircraft has a wingspan of 30.38 meters and a range of 1,500 nautical miles, allowing it to cover Argentina's maritime coast and even Antarctica. It is also equipped with an automatic ship identification system and can carry rescue equipment, which significantly enhances the Argentine Navy's search and rescue operations.

Context of Modernization

This purchase is part of the National Public Investment Project, which aims to improve the operational and logistical capabilities of the Argentine naval aviation. The process to acquire the P-3s began due to the need to replace the previous fleet of P-3B aircraft, which had been in service for decades. The new aircraft, originally operated by the Royal Norwegian Air Force, underwent upgrades, including avionics and radar system improvements.

Regional Impact and Future Prospects

This acquisition not only strengthens Argentina's ability to monitor its vast maritime territory, including areas around the Falkland Islands, but also enhances its presence in the South Atlantic. The P-3 Orion aircraft are known for their reliability and operational versatility, enabling Argentina to perform long-range patrols, anti-submarine warfare, and search and rescue missions.

The Argentine government has emphasized that this purchase is a significant step towards modernizing its military capabilities, despite the country's budgetary constraints. Officials have noted that this investment is designed to protect Argentina's maritime resources and enhance its ability to address challenges such as illegal fishing.

Peru Evaluates Dassault Rafale as Favorite for Air Force Acquisition of 24 Fighter Jets

The Peruvian government has initiated a significant step toward modernizing its Air Force by proposing the acquisition of 24 new fighter jets. Among the options being considered, the Dassault Rafale has emerged as the favorite. This French multi-role fighter, known for its cutting-edge capabilities, is poised to become a central component of Peru's future defense strategy.

A Strategic Decision: Peru's Move Toward Advanced Air Power

In late 2024, Walter Astudillo Chávez, the Peruvian Minister of Defense, announced to the National Defense and Internal Order Commission of Congress that provisions had been made in the 2025 budget for the procurement of new fighter jets. The acquisition is framed as part of a broader plan to enhance the country's military readiness and reinforce its air force capabilities. According to the proposed budget, $2 billion has been allocated for this first phase of the project.

Minister Astudillo emphasized the strategic importance of these new jets, stating that they would provide Peru with a critical level of air deterrence in the region. "Once we acquire these aircraft, we will have a formidable defensive position in South America," he said during a session with Congress. This move reflects a shift in Peru's defense priorities, focusing on strengthening aerial power, particularly after years of underinvestment in air defense capabilities.

The Competitors: Rafale, F-16, and Gripen

Three primary contenders are being considered for the Peruvian Air Force’s (FAP) modernization program: the Dassault Rafale, Lockheed Martin F-16V Block 70, and the SAAB JAS 39 Gripen E. Among these, the Rafale has emerged as the unofficial frontrunner, even though its acquisition cost is relatively high.

The Lockheed Martin F-16 faces certain challenges, primarily related to the unpredictable nature of U.S. foreign policy. Additionally, there have been recent operational issues, such as the unexplained loss of an F-16 donated to Ukraine during an air interdiction mission, raising concerns about its reliability in combat situations. While the F-16 remains a capable and battle-tested fighter, these factors could sway Peru away from its selection.

On the other hand, the Saab Gripen E has garnered interest due to its cost-effective operational capabilities and its association with Embraer and the Brazilian Air Force (FAB). Brazil is set to become a regional hub for the maintenance and upgrading of Gripen fighters, which could offer logistical and operational advantages. However, like the F-16, the Gripen E is an evolution of its original platform, whereas the Rafale is a completely new design, replacing the Mirage 2000, a fighter with which Peru is already familiar.

Why the Dassault Rafale?

The Dassault Rafale stands out for several reasons, and these advantages have positioned it as the likely victor in the Peruvian competition.

First and foremost, the Rafale is the only twin-engine fighter being seriously considered in this phase of the procurement process, which makes it a more robust and capable platform in terms of power and survivability compared to the single-engine F-16 and Gripen E. Its performance in combat situations has been consistently proven, particularly in operations conducted by France in the Middle East and North Africa, where its versatility in both air-to-air and air-to-ground missions has been demonstrated.

Moreover, the Rafale F4, the latest iteration of the fighter, offers state-of-the-art avionics, advanced radar systems, and multi-role capability, which allows it to excel in a variety of mission types, including air superiority, ground support, and reconnaissance. In contrast, the Gripen E is still being developed and integrated into service with the Brazilian Air Force, and the F-16V, while modernized, is a platform with decades of service.

The Rafale’s ability to operate effectively within the NATO framework is another advantage, as it is fully interoperable with NATO systems. This could be particularly beneficial as Peru seeks to modernize its military within the context of broader geopolitical dynamics, aiming to enhance its defense collaboration with Western allies.

A Broader Trend in Latin America

The Dassault Rafale is also gaining momentum across Latin America, as several countries in the region, including Colombia, are seeking to upgrade their aging fighter fleets. In 2021, Colombia selected the Rafale over competitors like the Eurofighter Typhoon, signaling a growing preference for the French aircraft among South American militaries. Although Colombia has not yet finalized the contract, it appears likely that Peru could be the first country in the region to introduce the Rafale into service.

The selection of the Rafale for Peru’s Air Force would represent a significant shift away from the reliance on Russian-made fighters that have historically formed the backbone of the country’s aerial combat capabilities. 

The Peruvian Air Force currently operates MiG-29s and Su-25s purchased from Belarus in the 1990s, as well as Mirage 2000P fighters acquired from France in the 1980s. However, much of this fleet is nearing the end of its operational life, with only a handful of MiG-29s and Su-25s still in service.

Financial Aspects and Offsets

The overall cost of acquiring 24 Rafale jets is estimated at around $3.5 billion, with a significant portion of the funding coming from national debt instruments and sovereign bonds. The initial $2 billion is expected to come from the 2025 national budget, with the remaining balance covered by 2026.

 An essential component of the procurement process is the offset agreement that would accompany the purchase. Peru is looking to secure significant technological and industrial benefits as part of the deal, which would include the transfer of aerospace technology and the development of domestic industrial capabilities in partnership with local private companies. These offsets could play a crucial role in supporting the growth of Peru’s defense industry, creating jobs, and boosting the country’s economy.

The Dassault Rafale offers compelling advantages in this regard, as France has a well-established track record of integrating offset agreements into its defense exports. This could be a deciding factor, as the Peruvian government is keen on securing long-term benefits that go beyond the immediate acquisition of military hardware.

Looking Forward: A Strategic Air Force Modernization

Peru's decision to modernize its air force has been a long time coming, with discussions about upgrading the aging fleet dating back to at least 2013. The final decision will be based on a combination of technical, economic, and offset considerations, with the Dassault Rafale currently leading the pack.

Minister Walter Astudillo Chávez has expressed confidence that this acquisition will allow Peru to "recover its full operational capabilities" and ensure that the Peruvian Air Force can effectively fulfill its constitutional roles in defending the nation. The delivery of the first aircraft is expected by mid-2026, with the full fleet operational by the end of the decade.

In conclusion, while there are other contenders, the Dassault Rafale stands out due to its superior performance, twin-engine reliability, and attractive offset packages. If selected, the Rafale would mark a significant upgrade in Peru’s air combat capabilities and position the country as a regional leader in military aviation.

 

 

U.S. Approves $180 Million Sale of Advanced AIM-120 Missiles to Romania

The United States has approved the sale of AIM-120 AMRAAM missiles to Romania to provide advanced air-to-air capabilities for the Romanian Air Force. The initial deal is valued at approximately $180 million, with the option for Romania to purchase additional missiles in the future. This acquisition is part of Romania's broader effort to modernize its air force, enhancing compatibility between its F-16 aircraft and other NATO and U.S. aircraft, including the F-35. The U.S. Embassy in Bucharest emphasized the importance of this sale for both Romania's defense and regional stability.

U.S. Ambassador to Romania, Kathleen Kavalec, praised the acquisition, highlighting that it would significantly enhance Romania's ability to defend its territory and contribute to peace and stability in the region. Reflecting on her recent visit to Romania's 86th Air Base in Borcea, she said, "I was truly impressed by the Romanian F-16s in action. This purchase demonstrates the Romanian government's firm commitment to security and defense."

Last year, Romania’s Ministry of Defense confirmed the government-to-government (G2G) purchase of 186 AIM-120 AMRAAM missiles from the United States, as well as 299 AIM-9X Sidewinder short-range air-to-air missiles. The total cost of the 186 AIM-120 AMRAAMs is estimated at $372 million, while the AIM-9X Sidewinders will cost around $239 million.

The AIM-120 AMRAAM missile, weighing 152 kg (with an 18 kg warhead), belongs to the 150–250 kg weight class and has a speed of Mach 4. The most advanced version, the AIM-120D, boasts a maximum range of approximately 160 km.

Additionally, the Romanian government’s request includes various support items such as training missiles, storage containers, cryptographic devices, and a comprehensive package of spare parts. It also involves a technical and logistical support package from the contractor, which will provide training for both pilots and maintenance personnel. This acquisition complements Romania's recent purchase of AIM-9X Sidewinder Block II missiles, authorized earlier in May. The combined investment for the AIM-120 and AIM-9X missiles is estimated at $592 million.

Overall, this procurement marks a significant step in boosting Romania's air defense capabilities and ensuring interoperability with NATO allies.

Dominican Air Force Receives Seven Spanish-Made T-35C Training Planes

After a long journey of over 4,000 nautical miles from the Bay of Cádiz to Santo Domingo, the seven ENAER E.26/T-35C Tamiz training aircraft, acquired by the Dominican Republic's Air Force (FARD) from the Spanish Air and Space Force, are now fully operational in Dominican skies. These aircraft were originally purchased by Spain between 1987 and 1999 from the Chilean company ENAER and, after being retired in 2023, were sold to the FARD for 980,000 euros. The agreement also includes spare parts and training for technical personnel.

The arrival of the E.26 aircraft significantly strengthens the Dominican fleet, which was already operating three T-35B aircraft. These new planes, assigned to the "Dragons" Combat Squadron, will be used both for pilot training and for border surveillance and patrol missions.

Additionally, the FARD has inaugurated new facilities at the San Isidro Air Base, including a new hangar to house the T-36B aircraft, a flight simulator, and a building for the Air Intelligence School. Over the last two years, the Dominican Republic's Air Force has significantly expanded its fleet with the acquisition of helicopters, planes, and state-of-the-art radars, enhancing its operational capabilities and responsiveness to threats.

The T-35C Tamiz, which served for over three decades at Spain's General Air Academy, is the latest version of the Chilean Pillán model, still in service in several Latin American countries. The newly acquired aircraft will join the existing T-35B fleet that has been operating in the country for years, thus providing the FARD with extended and modernized capabilities.

Japan acquires two additional MQ-9B SeaGuardian drones to enhance maritime surveillance

The Japan Coast Guard (JCG) has expanded its fleet of uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) by ordering two additional SeaGuardian drones from General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, Inc. (GA-ASI), with delivery expected in 2025. These UAVs will be equipped with the advanced Optix+ software suite, which utilizes sensor fusion to collect and analyze data from the drones’ sensors and other sources, providing a comprehensive operational overview.

This latest acquisition builds on the JCG’s earlier agreements with GA-ASI. Since April 2022, the JCG has operated SeaGuardians under a Company-Owned, Contractor-Operated (COCO) arrangement, conducting extensive Maritime Wide Area Search (MWAS) operations over the Sea of Japan and the Pacific Ocean from the Hachinohe Air Base. The success of these missions prompted the JCG to further enhance its capabilities, adding two more SeaGuardians in May 2023, which were notably utilized during the G7 Summit in Hiroshima and in search and rescue efforts after the Noto Peninsula Earthquake.

The new SeaGuardians will be based at Kitakyushu Airport in Fukuoka Prefecture, marking a transition from Hachinohe Air Base as the JCG’s lease concludes in March 2025. Sojitz Corporation, which is responsible for delivering and supporting these UAVs, emphasized its ongoing commitment to bolstering Japan’s maritime safety and security.

These UAVs come equipped with Raytheon’s SeaVue radar, advanced electro-optical and infrared sensors, and Automatic Identification Systems (AIS), enhancing the JCG’s maritime patrol and rescue missions. Sojitz Corporation, a longtime supplier to the JCG, will continue providing support through delivery and maintenance of these UAVs.

Biden Flies in New Marine One as U.S. Completes VH-92A Fleet

The U.S. Marine Corps has officially received the final batch of 23 new VH-92A Patriot helicopters, marking a significant update to the presidential transport fleet. These helicopters are most commonly known as Marine One when carrying the U.S. president. The last VH-92A was delivered during a ceremony held at Sikorsky's Owego, New York facility on August 14, 2024. Sikorsky, a subsidiary of Lockheed Martin, has been working on these airframes as part of a long-term effort to replace the aging VH-3D Sea Kings and VH-60N White Hawks.

This milestone represents a culmination of efforts that began with the Obama administration and stretched through the Trump administration, following a series of delays related to communications systems and issues with the helicopter’s exhaust, which had previously scorched the White House South Lawn. Despite these challenges, the VH-92A has now been deemed operationally capable, marking the end of the long replacement process for the Vietnam-era helicopters.

The new VH-92A helicopters, based on the Sikorsky S-92 platform, are larger and more advanced than their predecessors, offering better performance, increased range, and enhanced communication systems. Two of the 23 helicopters will be designated for testing, while the remaining 21 will join the operational fleet. The VH-92A retains the iconic dark green and white livery of Marine One, continuing a tradition that has been in place for decades.

President Joe Biden took his inaugural flight aboard one of these new helicopters in August 2024, after arriving in Chicago on Air Force One for an event at the Democratic National Convention. This flight marked a crucial transition in the use of the VH-92A for presidential transport, as the aircraft has undergone extensive testing to ensure reliability and safety.

The VH-92A project faced delays due to technical challenges, including secure communications systems necessary for the president to conduct classified discussions and manage military operations during flights. Additionally, modifications were needed to prevent the helicopters from causing damage to grass landing zones. Nonetheless, these issues have reportedly been resolved, and the VH-92A is now ready to fully assume the role of transporting the president and other high-ranking officials. 

As these helicopters settle into service, the older VH-3D and VH-60N airframes will likely continue to operate in a limited capacity while the transition is finalized. The VH-92A marks the next chapter in Marine Helicopter Squadron One's mission, ensuring that the president can travel securely and efficiently for years to come.

South Korea Set to Acquire 36 Apache Helicopters in $3.5 Billion Defense Deal

The State Department has made a determination approving a possible Foreign Military Sale to the Republic of Korea of AH-64E Apache Helicopters and related elements of logistics and program support for an estimated cost of $3.5 billion. The Defense Security Cooperation Agency delivered the required certification notifying Congress of this possible sale today.

The Republic of Korea (ROK) has requested to buy up to thirty-six (36) AH-64E Apache Attack Helicopters; up to seventy-six (76) T700-GE-701D Engines (72 installed, 4 spares); up to thirty-six (36) AN/ASQ-170 Modernized Target Acquisition and Designation Sight/AN/AAR-11 Modernized Pilot Night Vision Sensors

(M-TADS/PNVS); up to fourteen (14) AN/APG-78 Fire Control Radars (FCR) with Mast Mounted Assembly (MMA); up to fourteen (14) AN/APG-78 Fire Control Radars (FCR) with Radar Electronic Units (REU); up to fourteen (14) AN/APR-48B Modernized-Radar Frequency Interferometers (MRFI); up to four hundred fifty-six (456) AGM-114R2 (N) Hellfire Missiles; up to six (6) M36E8 Captive Air Training Missiles (CATM); up to one hundred fifty-two (152) AGM-179A Joint Air-to-Ground Missiles (JAGM); up to forty (40) AAR-57 Common Missile Warning Systems (CMWS) (36 installed, 4 spares). The following non-MDE items will also be included: AN/AVR-2B laser detecting sets; AN/APX-123A Identification Friend or Foe (IFF) transponders; IDM-401 improved data modems; Enhanced Image Intensifier (EI2) cameras; AN/ARN-149 (V)3 automatic direction finders; ASN-157 Doppler Radar Velocity Sensors; AN/APN-209 radar altimeters; AN/PYQ-10(C) Simple Key Loader; Airborne Global Positioning System (GPS)/Embedded Global Positioning System/Inertial Navigation System (EGI); AN/APR-39C(V)1+ Radar Signal Detecting sets; ARC-220 High Frequency Communication Systems; KIV-77 Mark XIIA IFF Crypto Applique; Common Missile Warning System (CMWS) software update; M230E-1 30mm automatic gun; M139 AWS 20mm automatic gun; M261 rocket launchers; M299 missile launchers; 2.75-inch rockets; 30mm rounds; MG62 Cartridge Impulse BBU-35/N; A965 cartridges, 25.4mm rounds; M839 decoys; L410 flares; M206 aircraft countermeasures decoy flares; Cartridge Actuated Devices/Propellant Actuated Devices (CAD/PADs); U.S. Government engineering, technical, and logistics support services; and other related elements of program and logistics support. The estimated total cost is $3.5 billion.

This proposed sale will support the foreign policy goals and national security objectives of the United States by improving the security of a major ally that is a force for political stability and economic progress in the Indo-Pacific region.

The proposed sale will improve the Republic of Korea’s capability to meet current and future threats by providing a credible force capable of deterring adversaries and participating in regional operations. Korea will have no difficulty absorbing this equipment into its armed forces.

The proposed sale of this equipment and support will not alter the basic military balance in the region.

The principal contractors will be Boeing, located in Mesa, AZ; and Lockheed Martin, located in Orlando, FL. The purchaser typically requests offsets. Any offset agreement will be defined in negotiations between the purchaser and the contractor.

There will be no adverse impact on U.S. defense readiness as a result of this proposed sale.

The description and dollar value are for the highest estimated quantity and dollar value based on initial requirements. Actual dollar value will be lower depending on final requirements, budget authority, and signed sales agreement(s), if and when concluded.

Germany Bolsters Air Defense with Proposed Purchase of 600 Patriot Missiles

The US State Department has approved a possible Foreign Military Sale (FMS) to Germany of Patriot Advanced Capability-3 Missile Segment Enhancement (PAC-3 MSE) missiles and related equipment, the US Defense Security Cooperation Agency announced on 15 August 2024.

The proposed FMS, which is worth an estimated USD 5.0 billion (EUR 4.55 billion), has been passed to the US Congress for final approval.

Germany has requested to buy up to 600 PAC-3 MSE missiles (including 10 fly-to-buy missiles). Also included in the deal are tools and test equipment plus various aspects of programme, technical, logistics and programme support.

The PAC-3 MSE missile is an agile hit-to-kill interceptor that extends the range of the MIM-104 Patriot air defence system, making it capable of intercepting longer-range theatre ballistic missiles. Germany’s Patriot systems currently use both the PAC-3 MSE interceptor and the PAC-2 GEM-T missile, which is designed to address medium-range ballistic or cruise missiles.

“The proposed sale will improve Germany’s capability to meet current and future threats and increase the defensive capabilities of its military. It will support Germany’s goal of improving national and territorial defense as well as interoperability with US and NATO forces,” the DSCA stated.

The prime contractor for the FMS will be Lockheed Martin out of its facilities in Dallas, Texas.

US Approves $738 Million Sale of MQ-9 Reapers to Italy

 

The US State Department has approved a possible Foreign Military Sale (FMS) to Italy of MQ-9 Block 5 Reaper unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and related equipment, the US Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA) announced on 15 August 2024.
The proposed sale, which is estimated to be worth USD 738 million (EUR 671.5 million), has been passed to the US Congress for final approval.
Italy has requested to buy six MQ-9 Block 5 UAVs; three MQ-9 mobile ground control stations (MGCS); 12 AN/DAS-4 Multi-spectral Target Systems; nine Lynx AN/APY-8 Block 20A synthetic aperture radars with a maritime wide area surveillance (MWAS) capability; and one embedded global positioning and inertial navigation (EGI) system.
Also included in the package are Reaper/Predator engines; Ruggedized Aircraft Maintenance Test Stations (RAMTS); various avionics and communication systems; spare and repair parts; and various aspects of programme, maintenance, logistics, technical, engineering and training support.
“The proposed sale will improve Italy’s capability to meet current and future threats by expanding and improving the Italian Air Force’s MQ-9 fleet and advancing US and NATO policy goals of security and interoperability,” the DSCA stated. “Italy already has MQ-9 Block 5 aircraft with strike capabilities in its inventory and will have no difficulty absorbing these articles into its armed forces.”
Italy received six MQ-9s from 2009, but one was shot down during operations in Libya in November 2019. The remaining original five Reapers are being upgraded to the Block 5 standard.
The principal contractor for the sale will be General Atomics Aeronautical Systems Inc out of its facilities in San Diego, California.

Iraq Eyes Advanced H225M Caracal Helicopters in New Defense Agreement with France

 

In a significant move to bolster its military capabilities, Iraq is reportedly nearing the acquisition of 12 H225M Caracal helicopters from France. This development, while not yet officially confirmed, has generated considerable attention as it represents a potential advancement in the defense relationship between Iraq and France. The deal, if finalized, would mark a crucial step in Iraq's broader strategy to diversify its military procurement sources, enhancing its defense capabilities through strategic partnerships with Western nations.

The possibility of this acquisition was brought into the spotlight following an interview with General Tahseen Al-Khafaji, the spokesperson for Iraq's Joint Operations Command, on July 31, 2024. During his appearance on Al Iraqiya television, General Al-Khafaji hinted at an ongoing contract with France regarding the H225M Caracal. He emphasized the helicopter's advanced capabilities, noting its suitability for a wide range of operations across Iraq. His remarks, although vague on specifics, suggested that both Iraq's political and military leadership are actively working to finalize the agreement. This has led to widespread speculation about the deal's progress, though official confirmation and detailed terms have yet to be disclosed.

The H225M Caracal, developed by Airbus Helicopters, is a medium-sized, twin-engine military helicopter known for its versatility and advanced avionics. Initially introduced as the Eurocopter EC725, the Caracal has become a preferred choice for military forces around the world, including those in Brazil, Malaysia, and Singapore. Its design is based on the Cougar Mk2 and is tailored for demanding missions such as combat search and rescue (CSAR), special operations, and tactical transport.

One of the Caracal's key strengths is its adaptability to various mission profiles. It can carry up to 29 troops or a combination of personnel and cargo, with a payload capacity of up to 4,750 kg for underslung loads. The helicopter is powered by two Safran Makila 2A1 turboshaft engines, which provide a maximum speed of approximately 324 km/h. Additionally, the Caracal boasts a range of about 1,200 kilometers with additional fuel tanks and a service ceiling of 6,095 meters, making it suitable for high-altitude operations in challenging environments. These features make the H225M an ideal choice for Iraq, given its diverse operational needs, including special forces deployment, medical evacuation, and tactical troop transport.

The estimated cost of the potential deal is approximately 800 million euros, based on similar contracts previously signed by Airbus Helicopters. For instance, a comparable deal with the United Arab Emirates in December 2021 provides a benchmark for the financial scope of Iraq's potential acquisition. This investment would be part of Iraq's broader effort to diversify its military procurement sources, reflecting a strategic shift towards incorporating advanced Western technology into its defense arsenal.

This diversification strategy is evident in Iraq's ongoing efforts to balance acquisitions from both Western and Eastern countries. In addition to the potential Caracal deal, Iraq has been engaged in negotiations with France for other key military assets. These include discussions on the procurement of 14 Rafale fighter jets, which would be paid for with Iraqi oil—a unique financial arrangement that underscores the depth of the bilateral relationship. Despite the interest shown by the Iraqi Air Force, these negotiations have yet to result in a finalized agreement, highlighting the complex nature of international defense procurement.

The potential acquisition of the H225M Caracal helicopters is just one aspect of Iraq's growing defense cooperation with France. Over the past few years, the two countries have engaged in multiple negotiations aimed at enhancing Iraq's defense capabilities through strategic partnerships. These discussions have not only focused on the procurement of modern military equipment but have also included joint military exercises and the modernization of Iraq's defense infrastructure.

One notable example of confirmed cooperation is the purchase of GM403 radars from Thales, a deal signed in October 2020. This transaction, aimed at strengthening Iraq's air defense capabilities, was officially recognized two years later during the foundation-laying ceremony for the future Operations Center of the Iraqi Air Defense Command. This agreement highlights the ongoing and deepening defense collaboration between Iraq and France.

However, not all potential deals have come to fruition. For instance, discussions regarding the acquisition of the CAESAr artillery system, which Iraqi officials suggested had been signed in May 2022, were not substantiated in the 2023 report from the French Parliament on arms exports. This underscores the challenges and uncertainties that often accompany complex international defense negotiations.

The potential acquisition of the H225M Caracal helicopters represents a significant step in Iraq's ongoing efforts to modernize its military forces and enhance its strategic partnerships with Western allies. If finalized, this deal would not only provide Iraq with a versatile and advanced helicopter platform but also signal a broader commitment to strengthening its defense ties with France and other Western nations.

As Iraq continues to navigate the complexities of defense procurement, the outcome of these negotiations will be crucial in shaping the future of its military capabilities. The H225M Caracal, with its proven track record and advanced features, could play a key role in Iraq's efforts to build a more capable and modernized military force, capable of responding to the diverse challenges it faces in the region.

From Cold War Icon to Modern Warfare, The Panavia Tornado Turns 50

On August 14, 2024, the 50th anniversary of the first flight of the Panavia Tornado was celebrated. This iconic supersonic combat aircraft was developed during the height of the Cold War by a British-German-Italian consortium. Over five decades, nearly 1,000 units were produced in various versions, including IDS for ground attack, ADS for air defense, and ECR for electronic warfare and reconnaissance.

The Tornado entered service in 1979 and quickly became a cornerstone of the air forces of the United Kingdom, Germany, and Italy. Although initially designed to counter the Soviet threat in Europe, the Tornado played an active role in numerous post-Cold War conflicts, such as the Gulf War, the Balkans, the Middle East, and Afghanistan. During the Gulf War in 1991, for example, the Tornado conducted low-altitude bombing missions in a highly dangerous environment, proving its effectiveness and robustness in combat.

Currently, both Germany's Luftwaffe and Italy's Aeronautica Militare continue to operate Tornados, although both countries plan to replace them with the F-35A. Italy expects to retire its last Tornado by 2025, while Germany plans to do so between 2026 and 2030. The UK's Royal Air Force retired its last Tornados in 2019, marking the end of an era.

The Tornado also had one export customer, Saudi Arabia, which acquired 120 of these aircraft, with approximately 80 still in operation. Besides its combat role, the Tornado has undergone continuous upgrades and modernizations over the years to maintain its relevance in the face of evolving threats.

In March 2024, the German Air Force and Airbus unveiled a special livery on one of the remaining Tornados in service, in anticipation of the 50th anniversary of this remarkable aircraft, which remains a testament to international collaboration and engineering excellence.

Polish Military to Receive 96 Boeing Apaches in Historic $10 Billion Purchase

Poland's Ministry of National Defence has finalized a major agreement with the United States to acquire 96 Boeing AH-64E Apache attack helicopters, along with associated gear and weaponry, for its armed forces. The signing ceremony, which took place on August 13, was attended by Poland's Deputy Prime Minister and Defence Minister.

Valued at approximately $10 billion, this acquisition represents the largest procurement of Western-made helicopters in Poland's history. The deal also includes offset agreements, ensuring that Poland’s defense industry will participate in the maintenance and upgrade of these helicopters.

The new Apaches will replace the aging fleet of Soviet-designed Mil Mi-2 and Mi-24 helicopters currently in service. Once all 96 helicopters are delivered, Poland will become the second-largest operator of Apache helicopters globally, after the U.S. military.

The helicopters will be stationed at the 1st Aviation Brigade in Inowrocław, in western Poland, where they will provide aerial support to Polish ground forces. This purchase is part of Poland's broader effort to modernize its military in response to security concerns following Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022.

The U.S. State Department approved the foreign military sale to Poland on August 21, 2023. In addition to the helicopters, the contract includes a wide array of weaponry, such as 1,844 AGM-114R2 Hellfire missiles, 460 AGM-179A Joint Air-to-Ground Missiles, and 508 Stinger 92K Block I missiles.

First C-130J Aircraft Delivered to Royal New Zealand Air Force

Lockheed Martin delivered the first of five C-130J-30 Super Hercules tactical airlifters to the New Zealand Ministry of Defence (MOD) and New Zealand Defence Force (NZDF) on August 8, 2024, during a ceremony at their facility in Marietta, Georgia. This delivery marks the beginning of New Zealand's $NZ1.5 billion (approximately $902.3 million USD) program to replace its aging C-130H(NZ) fleet, which has been operational since the 1960s.

The newly delivered aircraft, designated NZ7011, first took flight in April 2024 and is part of a contract signed in 2020 under the US foreign military sales program. The Royal New Zealand Air Force (RNZAF) will operate the new C-130Js under the supervision of 40 Squadron at RNZAF Base Auckland. These aircraft are set to take over the roles previously held by the older C-130H fleet across New Zealand and the Indo-Pacific region.

The C-130J Super Hercules is a modern, versatile aircraft designed for a wide range of missions, including humanitarian aid, disaster relief, and military operations in collaboration with allies. Lockheed Martin's vice president and general manager of Air Mobility & Maritime Missions, Rod McLean, emphasized the new fleet's enhanced capabilities, noting that they offer New Zealand increased alignment with allies, greater operational reach, and proven performance in demanding tactical airlift operations.

The C-130J is a powerful and advanced aircraft, measuring 97.9 feet in length, with a wingspan of 132.7 feet, and a cargo bay length of 41 feet. It can carry up to 90 people or payloads weighing up to 42,000 pounds. Powered by four Rolls-Royce AE 2100 turboprop engines, each delivering 4,637 horsepower, the aircraft can reach a maximum speed of 362 knots, with a range of 1,800 nautical miles and an operational altitude of up to 40,386 feet.

In addition to the aircraft, the program includes corresponding flight simulators and supporting capabilities, with the construction of associated training platforms initiated in Montreal, Canada, in 2023. Lockheed Martin also accepted a $38-million contract in 2022 to deliver another simulator to train future C-130J aircrew, ensuring comprehensive training and readiness for the RNZAF’s new fleet.

The RNZAF’s C-130J fleet will continue to support New Zealand’s global missions, from humanitarian assistance to military operations, enhancing the country's defense capabilities and its role in international security.

Pentagon Approves Sale of 50 F-15IA Jets to Israel in $18 Billion Defense Agreement

The United States has given the green light for the potential sale of 50 new F-15IA fighter-bombers to Israel, a significant military transaction valued at over $18 billion. This authorization, granted by the U.S. Department of Defense, is part of a larger effort to bolster Israel's defense capabilities amid increasing tensions in the Middle East, particularly with Iran.
In addition to the new aircraft, the package includes modernization kits for Israel's existing fleet of F-15I aircraft, allowing them to be upgraded to the same advanced configuration as the F-15IA. This comprehensive deal also encompasses a wide array of military equipment, such as AIM-120 AMRAAM missiles, 120mm tank and mortar cartridges, medium tactical vehicles, and other essential systems. The U.S. Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA) highlighted the importance of this deal in a notification to Congress, emphasizing that it is crucial for U.S. national interests to support Israel in developing and maintaining a robust self-defense capability.
The Israeli government has been actively seeking to acquire advanced military equipment from the U.S. for several years, including the F-15EX aircraft, which the F-15IA is based on, as well as KC-46A Pegasus aerial refueling tankers. While the discussions and negotiations for these acquisitions have been ongoing, recent escalations in tensions with Iran appear to have accelerated the decision-making process in Washington.
According to the DSCA's announcement, Israel requested the sale of up to 50 F-15IA fighter-bombers, alongside 25 Mid-Life Update (MLU) kits for its current F-15I Ra’am aircraft. The package also includes 120 F110-GE-129 turbofan engines, 90 Advanced Display Core Processors II, 75 APG-82(V)1 Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radars, and 50 AN/AAQ-13 LANTIRN navigation pods. Notably, the equipment list does not include the Eagle Passive Active Warning Survivability Systems (EPAWSS), an advanced electronic warfare system integral to the F-15EX variant.
The F-15IA deal also covers missile rails, 20mm Vulcan cannons, GPS/INS devices, Joint Helmet Mounted Cueing Systems, and Identification Friend or Foe (IFF) systems. These systems, along with the usual support and logistics provisions, are expected to significantly enhance the operational capabilities of the Israeli Air Force. Deliveries of the aircraft and associated equipment are projected to begin in 2029.
This sale is particularly timely as it coincides with rising regional instability. The DSCA's notice underscores the importance of the F-15IA in enhancing Israel's aerial combat capabilities, especially in light of recent missile and drone attacks attributed to Iran. In fact, in April, U.S. Air Force fighters, including F-15Es, played a key role in intercepting and neutralizing more than 80 drones launched by Iran against Israel, highlighting the critical role that such advanced aircraft can play in regional defense.
The F-15EX, from which the F-15IA is derived, represents one of the most advanced variants of the Eagle fighter jet family. Developed to address new threats from major powers like China and Russia, the F-15EX features cutting-edge systems, including a fully glass cockpit, the Advanced Display Core Processor II, and the AN/APG-82(V)1 AESA radar, which offers superior target detection and tracking capabilities.
Israel's interest in the F-15EX dates back to 2020 when the Israeli Air Force identified an urgent need for more aircraft capable of carrying heavy payloads, including weapons designed to destroy fortified targets like Iranian nuclear facilities. Although initial requests were for 25 aircraft, the option to expand the order to 50 was always on the table, and the inclusion of MLU kits for the existing F-15I fleet was anticipated as part of the overall modernization effort.
In summary, this significant military sale not only strengthens Israel's defense posture but also reflects the deep strategic partnership between the U.S. and Israel. As tensions in the Middle East continue to escalate, the addition of these advanced fighter-bombers to Israel's arsenal will play a crucial role in maintaining stability and ensuring that Israel remains prepared to face any potential threats.

USAF F-22 Fighters Arrive in Middle East to Counter Iranian Threats Against Israel and U.S. Forces

The U.S. Air Force has deployed F-22 Raptor fighter jets to the Middle East as part of an effort to counter threats posed by Iran and its affiliated groups in the region, particularly against Israel and American forces, according to an announcement by U.S. Central Command on August 8.

This move follows Iran’s vow to retaliate for the January 30 assassination of Hamas political leader Ismail Haniyeh, who was killed by a bomb in Tehran. Iran has blamed Israel for the attack, though Israel has not officially acknowledged its involvement. Iran’s anticipated retaliation could include direct strikes from its own territory as well as attacks by proxy forces, such as the Iranian-backed Lebanese Hezbollah, which operates near the Israeli border. Additionally, U.S. forces stationed in Iraq and Syria have recently faced rocket attacks from militias aligned with Iran.

The arrival of the F-22s, among the most advanced fighter aircraft in the U.S. arsenal, is part of a broader influx of military assets to the region. This includes U.S. naval ships with capabilities to intercept ballistic missiles, and plans to potentially enhance land-based missile defenses in the area.

About a dozen F-22s arrived at a base in the Middle East from Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson in Alaska, covering over 5,600 nautical miles with stops in the U.K. before reaching their destination on August 8. The precise location of these aircraft remains undisclosed due to operational security concerns.

The deployment aims to deter any potential attacks from Iran and its proxies, both on Israel and U.S. military personnel in the region. The increased military presence comes after a recent rocket attack on Al Asad Air Base in Iraq on August 5, which injured four U.S. service members and one contractor. The Pentagon attributes this attack to an Iranian-aligned Shia militia group.

Since the escalation of conflict in October, when Hamas launched an attack on Israel, there have been 180 attacks on U.S. forces in Iraq, Syria, and Jordan. The U.S. has responded with airstrikes, including a recent operation targeting a drone facility in Iraq on July 30.

The F-22s join a significant U.S. Air Force presence already in the region, including F-15Es, F-16s, and A-10s. The U.S. Navy has also temporarily repositioned F/A-18 Super Hornets from the USS Theodore Roosevelt to a regional airbase, further bolstering the defense posture. This relocation is temporary, with the aircraft expected to return to the carrier before it departs the region, to be replaced by the USS Abraham Lincoln.

The F-22 deployment enhances the U.S.'s ability to defend against air and missile threats, building on past successes, such as the April operation where U.S. Air Force fighters played a key role in intercepting over 80 drones launched by Iran against Israel. This robust response neutralized approximately 300 missiles and drones in a coordinated defense effort, underscoring the critical role of U.S. airpower in maintaining regional security.

Argentine Navy Moves Forward with Super Étendard SEM Reactivation, Potential Transfer to Ukraine

The Chief of the Argentine Navy, in a recent interview, confirmed the Navy's strong commitment to conduct a test flight to evaluate the operability of the Super Étendard Modernisé (SEM) aircraft. These planes, acquired from France in 2019 for €12.5 million, have remained grounded since their arrival due to issues with the ejection seats.

To address this problem, the Navy sent two ejection seats to the Defense Scientific and Technical Research Institute (Citedef) for a gunpowder analysis, which confirmed that they were in usable condition. The seats are currently at the facilities of MBA S.A., undergoing a major inspection to assess the operational status of their mechanical components.

The Navy's primary goal is to perform this initial test flight. However, Vice Admiral Alievi pointed out that there are still four technical issues to resolve: the parachute, the ejection seat, potential structural cracks, and the engine.

Argentina is currently the only country seeking to keep the SEMs operational, which complicates maintenance and the acquisition of spare parts due to their high cost and a British embargo.

On the other hand, the reactivation of the SEM fleet could be linked to Argentine President Javier Milei's proposal to provide Ukraine with five Super Étendard fighter jets, as reported by Infobae. Argentina never deployed these jets, which were purchased from France in 2017, due to a British embargo that prevented the sale of necessary military spare parts to the country.
The potential deal would see Argentina exchanging the Super Étendards for other military assets from France, such as drones or helicopters. Additionally, France would take responsibility for replacing the cartridges in the ejection seats, thereby preventing Argentina from being directly implicated in the conflict between Russia and Ukraine. This arrangement is designed to ensure that the final political responsibility rests with France, allowing Argentina to support Ukraine in an indirect manner.