Egypt’s MiG-29M/M2: The Modern Backbone of Its Eastern Fighter Fleet

Egypt’s Air Force operates the MiG-29M/M2 multirole fighter to boost its aerial capabilities. Here’s a detailed breakdown of its specs, roles, armament, and strategic significance.

In recent years, Egypt has quietly strengthened its aerial capabilities by incorporating advanced platforms from multiple suppliers. Among its key acquisitions is the MiG-29M/M2, a highly upgraded version of the classic Soviet-era MiG-29, tailored for modern multirole operations. Here's an in-depth look at this versatile fighter and its strategic role within the Egyptian Air Force.

Egypt ordered approximately 46 MiG-29M/M2 fighters from Russia in a deal signed in 2015. These aircraft are significantly upgraded compared to the legacy MiG-29s and represent a modern 4++ generation design, equipped for both air superiority and ground attack missions. 

This purchase signals Cairo’s pivot toward defense independence and supplier diversification. The MiG-29M/M2 fills a critical niche — a capable fighter that doesn’t rely on U.S. approval chains or European arms policies.

Egypt’s MiG-29M/M2 fleet gives the country flexibility, tactical depth, and a stronger voice in regional power dynamics. Whether patrolling the Mediterranean or engaging in desert-based operations, this aircraft represents the evolving doctrine of a military force that’s no longer solely reliant on Western technology.

In a significant demonstration of growing military ties, Egypt and China have launched their first-ever joint air force drill, “Eagles of Civilization 2025.” Taking place at an Egyptian air base starting in mid-April 2025, the exercise features Egyptian MiG-29M/M2 fighters flying alongside Chinese J-10C and J-10S aircraft. The People’s Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF) also deployed a KJ-500 airborne early warning aircraft and a YU-20 aerial tanker, showcasing China’s strategic air capabilities. This bilateral training mission underscores Egypt's increasing interest in diversifying its defense partnerships, while offering China a high-profile opportunity to operate and project power in the Middle East. The drills are expected to strengthen interoperability, tactical coordination, and pave the way for future defense collaboration between the two nations.

Technical Specifications

Crew: 1 (MiG-29M), 2 (MiG-29M2)

Engines: 2 × RD-33MK with enhanced thrust

Top Speed: Mach 2.25

Combat Radius: ~1,000 km

Service Ceiling: 17,500 m

Payload Capacity: Up to 5,000 kg

Advanced glass cockpit with digital displays.

Zhuk-ME radar with multitrack and multitarget capability

IRST (Infrared Search and Track) for stealthier target tracking

Defensive countermeasures and electronic warfare suite

Helmet-mounted display for high off-boresight targeting

Weapons Capability:

Air-to-Air Missiles: R-73, R-77

Air-to-Ground Weapons: Kh-29, Kh-31, KAB-series guided bombs

Unguided: Rockets, iron bombs

Gun: GSh-30-1 30mm cannon

Hardpoints: 9 total

Operational Role in the EAF

The MiG-29M/M2 is deployed to Gebel El Basur and other key Egyptian air bases, tasked with:

Airspace defense: Strike missions in Sinai and Western Desert

Maritime patrol and interdiction

Its integration complements Egypt’s mixed fleet of F-16s, Rafales, and Su-35s, offering both affordability and punch.

Strengths & Limitations

Strengths:

Modern avionics at a lower cost

Agile platform with strong thrust-to-weight ratio

Compatible with Russian and indigenous weapons

Limitations:

No stealth features

Logistical complexity with a diverse fighter inventory

Not NATO-interoperable

Rome Defended from Air and Sea: F-35s, Eurofighters, and Naval Frigates Secure Pope’s Funeral

Italy deploys F-35s, Eurofighter Typhoons, and naval frigates to safeguard Rome during the historic funeral of Pope Francis, marking one of the largest peacetime security operations in the nation’s history.

The solemn occasion of Pope Francis’ funeral has triggered a massive security operation across Rome, with Italian F-35 and Eurofighter jets patrolling the skies and naval frigates watching from the coast. This unprecedented defense posture underscores both the geopolitical weight of the event and Italy’s readiness to secure its airspace and waters in times of heightened sensitivity.

In an extraordinary show of force and preparedness, the Italian government has deployed a multi-layered military security operation surrounding the funeral of Pope Francis, held in the Vatican City. While thousands of mourners filled St. Peter’s Square, above them flew Italy’s most advanced fighter aircraft: the F-35 Lightning II and Eurofighter Typhoons.

The Italian Air Force has activated air patrols from multiple bases, including Grosseto and Amendola, to establish a strict no-fly zone over the capital. Eurofighter Typhoons have been seen conducting high-altitude sweeps, while stealth F-35s have remained on standby in case of a more advanced or high-threat aerial intrusion.

The F-35s, known for their stealth capabilities and sensor fusion, serve as the cutting edge of Italy’s fifth-generation aerial defense. Meanwhile, the Eurofighter Typhoons provide rapid response and interception capabilities, reinforcing NATO’s integrated air policing efforts in southern Europe.

To complement the combat air patrols, the Italian military has also deployed mobile radar systems and electronic warfare assets to monitor and neutralize any unidentified aerial threats, including drones — a growing concern at high-profile public events.

Italy’s maritime defense also took center stage. At least one FREMM-class frigate was reported deployed in the Tyrrhenian Sea, within quick range of Rome’s coastal access points. Equipped with Aster surface-to-air missiles and advanced radar, these vessels form a naval umbrella to intercept potential missile or drone threats.

In addition to the frigate, smaller naval units and patrol craft supported law enforcement operations along the River Tiber, ensuring full perimeter security both inland and offshore.

This combined deployment forms one of the most comprehensive peacetime security mobilizations in Italy’s history. Beyond the Air Force and Navy, over 2,000 police personnel, special forces, and anti-drone units have been stationed around key landmarks. Surveillance drones, snipers, and jamming systems have been set up to monitor activity in real time.

The Italian Ministry of Defense emphasized that these deployments are precautionary and reflect the symbolic weight of the occasion, which drew foreign leaders, cardinals, and observers from across the world.

The farewell to Pope Francis was not only a spiritual and historical event but also a demonstration of Italy’s military coordination and technological capability. With cutting-edge fighter jets patrolling the skies and warships securing its seas, Rome was wrapped in a formidable shield — a testament to the nation's vigilance and respect for one of the most significant figures of the 21st century.

Swedish Gripens Intercept Russian Spy Plane in Historic First NATO Mission

Swedish Air Force JAS 39 Gripen fighters intercepted a Russian Il-20M surveillance aircraft in Poland, marking Sweden's first NATO air policing mission since joining the alliance.

Sure! Here’s a fully developed blog post ready Swedish Air Force JAS 39 Gripen fighters intercepted a Russian Il-20M surveillance aircraft in Poland, marking Sweden's first NATO air policing mission since joining the alliance.

In a historic first, the Swedish Air Force has taken decisive action in its inaugural NATO air policing mission. On April 24, Swedish JAS 39 Gripen jets intercepted a Russian Il-20M surveillance aircraft over Polish airspace, demonstrating the nation’s operational readiness and commitment to collective defense in the Baltic region.

Just weeks after officially joining NATO, Sweden has made headlines with its debut contribution to the alliance’s air policing duties. Two Swedish JAS 39 Gripen fighters launched from Poland's Malbork Air Base successfully intercepted a Russian Il-20M reconnaissance aircraft operating near NATO airspace.

The Il-20M, known for its intelligence-gathering capabilities, was detected flying without a flight plan and with its transponder off — a frequent tactic used by Russian aircraft to test NATO's air defense readiness.

The swift response by the Swedish Air Force marks a significant milestone, not just for Sweden’s military integration into NATO structures, but also for Baltic airspace security. It demonstrates the rapid operational effectiveness of Sweden’s Gripen fleet and their ability to work seamlessly with allied forces.

NATO officials praised the professionalism of the Swedish pilots and highlighted the importance of collective vigilance in the current geopolitical climate. As tensions with Russia remain high, especially following the ongoing conflict in Ukraine, air policing has become a critical deterrence measure for the alliance’s eastern flank.

The Swedish Air Force’s deployment to Malbork is part of a rotational NATO air policing effort that has included other nations like Italy, Germany, and the UK. This mission reinforces Sweden’s strategic position in northern Europe and its commitment to defending allied airspace.

The move has also been well received domestically. Swedish Defense Minister Pål Jonson stated, “Our participation in NATO air policing strengthens Sweden's security and shows our determination to stand together with our allies.”

Sweden’s successful interception of a Russian surveillance aircraft in its first NATO mission is a clear signal of its dedication to the alliance. With modern Gripen fighters and a strong air force, Sweden is poised to play a vital role in safeguarding European airspace.

Bayraktar TB3 Proves Naval Strike Capabilities with Autonomous Flights from TCG Anadolu

Baykar’s TB3 drone completes four successful autonomous takeoffs and landings from TCG Anadolu, confirming Turkey’s leap into naval drone warfare.

The Bayraktar TB3 unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) has marked a historic milestone for Turkey’s naval aviation. Successfully conducting four autonomous takeoffs and landings aboard the TCG Anadolu, the TB3 confirms its readiness for carrier-based operations—ushering in a new era of drone-enabled maritime strike capabilities.

Turkey has taken a major step in integrating unmanned aerial capabilities with naval operations. The Bayraktar TB3 UCAV, developed by Baykar, has completed four fully autonomous flights—including takeoff and landing—from the deck of the TCG Anadolu, Turkey’s first amphibious assault ship and drone carrier.

The milestone confirms the TB3’s ability to operate in maritime environments, adding strategic flexibility to Turkey’s power projection in the region. The TB3 is unique in its class, capable of folding its wings for compact storage aboard ships, and performing precision strike and ISR (intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance) missions.

Conducted in April 2025, the trials included day and night missions and tested the TB3’s autonomous control systems in takeoff and landing scenarios on a moving deck. The flights were carried out without pilot intervention, showcasing advanced AI flight algorithms and robust naval interface integration.

The TCG Anadolu was originally intended to host F-35B jets, but after the U.S. removed Turkey from the F-35 program, the Turkish Navy shifted toward an indigenous drone-based concept of operations. The TB3, alongside the upcoming jet-powered Kızılelma, now forms the core of this innovative carrier aviation strategy.

This achievement positions Turkey as one of the few nations to successfully integrate UCAVs with naval operations. The TB3's operational readiness aboard Anadolu significantly enhances Turkey’s surveillance and strike capabilities across maritime zones, from the Mediterranean to the Aegean and beyond.

The successful deployment of the Bayraktar TB3 from TCG Anadolu marks a pivotal moment for naval aviation and drone warfare. As Turkey pushes forward with its indigenous defense initiatives, the TB3 stands as a symbol of innovation and strategic autonomy at sea.

Turbulence in Lisbon: Portugal Rethinks F-35 Purchase

Amid conflicting signals from military and political leadership, Portugal's decision on acquiring F-35 fighters remains uncertain. The Air Force pushes forward, while the Defense Ministry urges caution.

Portugal's effort to replace its aging fleet of F-16 fighter jets has turned into a geopolitical balancing act. While the Portuguese Air Force strongly supports acquiring the fifth-generation F-35A Lightning II, recent political hesitations have cast doubt over the program's future. This blog post explores the internal debate in Lisbon, the reasons behind it, and what it means for Portugal's defense posture and international partnerships.

Portugal’s path toward modernizing its fighter fleet has encountered unexpected turbulence. What once seemed like a straightforward transition from F-16s to the Lockheed Martin F-35A has turned into a debate over national sovereignty, alliance reliability, and long-term strategic independence.

In 2024, Portuguese Air Force Chief General João Cartaxo Alves publicly confirmed the F-35A as the most suitable aircraft to replace Portugal’s aging F-16s. The advanced stealth fighter offered unrivaled interoperability with NATO forces, long-term operational relevance, and cutting-edge technology.

However, in early 2025, Defense Minister Nuno Melo issued statements that took many by surprise. Citing concerns over the unpredictability of U.S. foreign policy—especially under a potential second Donald Trump presidency—Melo warned about relying too heavily on American defense technology. He highlighted potential limitations on operational autonomy and maintenance logistics due to the F-35's cloud-based management systems controlled by the U.S.

Melo’s position sparked speculation that Portugal could shift focus to European alternatives. Leading candidates include the French Dassault Rafale, the multinational Eurofighter Typhoon, and Sweden’s Saab Gripen, all of which offer varying degrees of performance and political alignment.

Despite these reservations, the Portuguese Air Force remains firm in its position. On April 22, 2025, General Alves reiterated that the F-35 is “the only fifth-generation aircraft capable of fulfilling our mission requirements and guaranteeing interoperability with NATO.”

At present, Portugal has not entered a formal procurement process or submitted a letter of request to the U.S. government. The decision is now likely to fall into the hands of the next government following national elections scheduled for May 18.

Portugal’s F-35 debate highlights the complex intersection of defense capability and geopolitical risk management. While the Air Force looks toward a future defined by stealth and data-centric warfare, political leadership is weighing national autonomy and alliance dynamics. The final decision will serve as a key signal of Portugal’s defense priorities in an increasingly uncertain world.

Spain Completes CH-47F Chinook Fleet Modernization with Final Delivery

Spain has received the 17th and final CH-47F Chinook helicopter, marking the completion of its heavy-lift modernization program. The upgraded fleet significantly enhances the Spanish Army’s operational capabilities.

The Spanish Army has officially received its final CH-47F Chinook helicopter, completing a four-year modernization effort that upgraded its legacy CH-47D fleet. The delivery reinforces Spain’s heavy-lift capabilities and improves interoperability with NATO allies.

In a key milestone for Spanish military aviation, the Spanish Army has received the 17th and final CH-47F Chinook heavy-lift helicopter. The delivery, which took place in October 2024, concludes a multi-year modernization program that began in 2019 through a government-to-government agreement with the United States.

From CH-47D to CH-47F: A Modern Leap

The program involved upgrading existing CH-47D helicopters to the advanced CH-47F Block I standard. This new configuration features:

A fully integrated digital cockpit (Common Avionics Architecture System, or CAAS)

Improved cargo-handling systems

Enhanced avionics for greater situational awareness

Structural upgrades to extend operational life

The upgraded helicopters are operated by the Spanish Army Airmobile Forces (Fuerzas Aeromóviles del Ejército de Tierra – FAMET), which has already integrated the aircraft into training and operational tasks.

Looking Ahead: An 18th Chinook in the Works

Spain is planning to acquire an 18th CH-47F — this time a brand-new helicopter — to further enhance its strategic lift capacity.

Strategic Importance

The CH-47F Chinook is essential for transporting troops, artillery, vehicles, and supplies in both domestic and international operations. With these upgrades, Spain aligns its capabilities more closely with NATO standards, ensuring interoperability with key allies such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and Italy.

This modernization strengthens Spain’s air mobility footprint and reinforces its readiness for humanitarian assistance, disaster relief, and military operations around the globe.

U.S. Deploys B-2 Stealth Bombers to Diego Garcia Amid Rising Global Tensions

In a strategic move ahead of renewed nuclear talks with Iran, the U.S. Air Force has deployed six B-2 Spirit bombers to Diego Garcia, highlighting Washington’s forward presence in global hotspots.

As global tensions mount, especially in the Gulf and Indo-Pacific regions, the United States has positioned six of its most advanced stealth bombers at Diego Garcia. The deployment of the B-2 Spirits sends a clear message of strategic deterrence, particularly as nuclear diplomacy with Iran re-enters a fragile phase.

Strategic Deployment with a Clear Message

The Pentagon has confirmed that six B-2 Spirit stealth bombers have arrived at Diego Garcia, a critical U.S. military base in the Indian Ocean. This move — while officially described as a “routine rotation” — carries weight amid escalating geopolitical frictions and uncertainty over Iran’s nuclear intentions.

Why Diego Garcia?

Diego Garcia serves as a forward operating base that gives U.S. forces rapid access to the Middle East, Africa, and parts of Asia. The runway’s ability to host heavy bombers, such as the B-2, B-52, and B-1B, makes it an essential asset in any strategic projection of power.

B-2 Spirit: The Tip of the Spear

The B-2 Spirit, built by Northrop Grumman, is the only operational stealth bomber in the U.S. arsenal that can evade advanced radar and deliver both conventional and nuclear payloads. Capable of flying over 6,000 nautical miles without refueling, the B-2 can carry up to 20 tons of guided and unguided weapons — including the GBU-57 Massive Ordnance Penetrator, designed to strike hardened underground targets.

Tensions with Iran and the Message Sent

This deployment comes as Iran continues to expand its ballistic missile program and nuclear enrichment capabilities. While Washington and Tehran prepare for renewed negotiations, the B-2's presence acts as a silent, airborne deterrent. Defense analysts agree the move is likely intended to reassure U.S. allies while reminding adversaries of the rapid global reach of American airpower.

A Broader Regional Signal

The B-2s aren’t just a signal to Iran. Military observers note that both China and Russia have increased military activity in regions bordering U.S. allies. The Diego Garcia deployment reaffirms the United States’ commitment to global stability, freedom of navigation, and support for its partners in the face of rising threats.

U.S. Approves $5.6 Billion F-16 Fighter Jet Deal for the Philippines

The United States has approved a potential sale of 20 F-16 Block 70/72 fighter jets to the Philippines, marking a significant step in the country's military modernization efforts. Valued at approximately $5.58 billion USD, the deal includes:

16 single-seat F-16C Block 70/72 aircraft

4 twin-seat F-16D Block 70/72 aircraft

Associated weapons, equipment, and logistical support

This proposed sale was announced by the U.S. State Department and the Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA) on April 1, 2025. The DSCA emphasized that the sale supports U.S. foreign policy and national security objectives by strengthening the defense capabilities of a key ally in Southeast Asia.

Philippine National Security Council spokesperson Jonathan Malaya clarified that the acquisition is not directed at any specific nation, including China, and reiterated that it is part of a broader modernization agenda for the Philippine Air Force.

The development follows a high-level visit by U.S. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth to Manila, where mutual defense commitments and enhanced regional deterrence were discussed.

Although the U.S. has approved the sale, the Philippine government is still in the early stages of the acquisition process and has yet to formally confirm or sign a contract for the aircraft.

Colombia Chooses Saab Gripen to Modernize Its Air Force

Colombia has officially selected the Saab JAS 39 Gripen as the new fighter aircraft for its Air Force, replacing the aging Israeli-made Kfir jets. President Gustavo Petro announced this decision on April 3, 2025, highlighting the government's commitment to modernizing the nation's air defense capabilities.

The Colombian government evaluated multiple options before finalizing the Gripen. Competitors included the French Dassault Rafale and the American F-16 Fighting Falcon. The decision to opt for the Swedish-manufactured Gripen was influenced by factors such as technological capabilities, cost-effectiveness, and strategic partnerships.

Colombia plans to acquire between 16 and 24 Gripen fighters. While exact figures are pending final negotiations, previous estimates from 2023 indicated a budget of approximately 15 trillion Colombian pesos (around $3.6 billion USD) for 16 aircraft.

The deal includes significant offset agreements aimed at benefiting Colombian society. These encompass the establishment of a solar panel manufacturing facility in Córdoba, initiatives to provide potable water in La Guajira, and the modernization of the San Juan de Dios hospital in Bogotá.

This acquisition marks a pivotal shift in Colombia's defense strategy, emphasizing a move towards diversifying military partnerships. The selection of the Swedish Gripen over American and French alternatives reflects Colombia's intent to establish broader international collaborations. Notably, this decision comes amid strained diplomatic relations with Israel and ongoing internal security challenges.

The Colombian government and Saab are set to enter detailed contract negotiations to finalize the terms of the purchase.

These discussions will determine the final number of aircraft, delivery schedules, and the implementation of the agreed-upon offset programs.

This modernization effort is poised to significantly enhance Colombia's air defense capabilities, ensuring the protection of its sovereignty and aligning with contemporary defense standards.