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Aug 9, 2026

El futuro de los F-18 españoles

Los F-18 españoles llevan cuatro décadas en servicio y, pese a su edad, todavía no ha comenzado la retirada general de la flota. El relevo que se está produciendo en Canarias debe entenderse de una manera mucho más concreta: se trata de la sustitución de los F-18 del Ala 46 de Gando, mientras los Hornet de las unidades peninsulares continúan formando parte de la primera línea de combate del Ejército del Aire y del Espacio.

Además, algunos de los aviones que abandonan Canarias todavía pueden tener una última etapa de servicio por delante en Zaragoza.

La situación resulta especialmente interesante porque España está ganando tiempo para decidir cómo quiere configurar su aviación de combate durante las próximas décadas.

Canarias es un caso particular



Los F-18 que han estado destinados en la Base Aérea de Gando no son exactamente iguales a los Hornet que operan en las unidades peninsulares.

España adquirió inicialmente 72 F/A-18A/B nuevos a Estados Unidos. Posteriormente incorporó otros aparatos procedentes de la US Navy para reforzar la flota. Los F-18 destinados en Canarias pertenecen a este segundo grupo. Son aviones de una versión anterior y con una trayectoria diferente a la de los aparatos adquiridos nuevos por España y posteriormente modernizados.

Por ello, el relevo del F-18 por el Eurofighter en Canarias no debe interpretarse como el comienzo de la retirada de todos los Hornet españoles. Es, fundamentalmente, la sustitución de una parte concreta de la flota por un avión mucho más moderno.

Y hay otro detalle importante: los F-18 que abandonan Canarias no tienen necesariamente que causar baja inmediatamente. Aquellos aparatos que todavía dispongan de horas de vuelo remanentes pueden ser trasladados a Zaragoza y continuar prestando servicio con el Ala 15 hasta agotar su vida útil. De esta manera, España puede aprovechar al máximo unas aeronaves que todavía conservan valor operativo.

Los F-18 peninsulares son otra historia



La situación de los F-18 de las Alas 12 y 15 es diferente. Estos aviones han recibido durante su vida operativa importantes trabajos de modernización y adaptación, que han permitido mantenerlos en primera línea mucho más allá de lo que inicialmente podía esperarse de una flota que comenzó a llegar a España en 1986.

Los EF-18M españoles disponen de capacidades considerablemente superiores a las de los primeros Hornet y continúan participando en ejercicios, despliegues internacionales y misiones de policía aérea.

Durante 2026 hemos podido comprobar que los F-18 siguen teniendo una presencia operativa significativa.

Por tanto, no existe en estos momentos una retirada general del F-18 español, existe una sustitución progresiva de determinadas aeronaves y unidades, mientras los aparatos que todavía conservan una vida útil suficiente continúan siendo aprovechados.

Hasta cuándo pueden seguir volando

El Gobierno ha contemplado prolongar el ciclo de vida de determinados F-18 hasta el periodo 2035-2040.

Esta posibilidad no significa que todos los aviones vayan a permanecer operativos hasta esa fecha.

La vida de una flota tan veterana depende de factores como las horas acumuladas por cada célula, su estado estructural, la disponibilidad de repuestos, el coste de mantenimiento y la capacidad de mantener operativos los equipos necesarios para su diagnóstico y reparación.

Precisamente por ello, España está realizando inversiones destinadas a mantener la infraestructura necesaria para seguir operando el C.15.

Entre ellas se encuentra la renovación de bancos automáticos de prueba y de los sistemas informáticos asociados, una actuación valorada en unos 26 millones de euros y gestionada a través de la Agencia de Apoyo y Adquisiciones de la OTAN.

La decisión demuestra que el F-18 todavía tiene recorrido. No se trata de modernizarlo para convertirlo en un avión de nueva generación, sino de mantener la capacidad necesaria para que los ejemplares que todavía tienen vida útil puedan continuar volando.
La actividad de los F-18 españoles demuestra que el veterano caza todavía mantiene un importante papel operativo. Actualmente, siete F-18M del Ejército del Aire y del Espacio se encuentran desplegados en Rumanía, integrados en el Destacamento Aéreo Táctico Paznic para participar durante cuatro meses en la misión de Policía Aérea Reforzada de la OTAN y contribuir a la vigilancia y defensa del flanco oriental de la Alianza. Y su actividad no se limita a las misiones de la OTAN. Recientemente, dos F-18 españoles cruzaron el Atlántico para participar en los actos conmemorativos del 250.º aniversario de Estados Unidos celebrados en Nueva York. 



Estos dos ejemplos que ponen de manifiesto que, pese a sus cuatro décadas de servicio, el F-18 continúa siendo una plataforma plenamente operativa y necesaria para España.


El Eurofighter sustituirá a parte de los Hornet

La llegada de nuevos Eurofighter es ya una realidad. El programa Halcón I y posteriormente Halcón II han proporcionará nuevos aviones al Ejército del Aire, permitiendo reforzar la flota de Eurofighter y sustituir progresivamente a algunos F-18.

El primer gran cambio se está produciendo en Canarias.

Pero sería incorrecto afirmar que los Eurofighter van a sustituir automáticamente a todos los F-18 españoles.

No existe una equivalencia uno a uno ni una decisión pública que permita asegurar que el futuro de todos los Hornet pasa exclusivamente por el Eurofighter.

El tamaño definitivo de la flota española de combate todavía puede cambiar y dependerá de las decisiones que se adopten durante los próximos años.

De hecho, mantener durante más tiempo algunos F-18 puede permitir que España incremente gradualmente su número de Eurofighter sin provocar una reducción excesiva de la disponibilidad de cazas.

El F-35 está muy lejos

Durante los últimos años el F-35 ha aparecido repetidamente en los debates sobre el futuro de la aviación de combate española. Sin embargo, actualmente parece una opción muy alejada de las prioridades españolas. El problema no es solamente el precio del avión, existe una cuestión política y estratégica relacionada con la dependencia de Estados Unidos en una capacidad militar tan crítica.

El F-35 es un sistema extraordinariamente sofisticado, pero también implica una elevada dependencia de una cadena logística, tecnológica y de soporte estadounidense.

Para España, que lleva años defendiendo una mayor autonomía estratégica europea y una industria de defensa con mayor capacidad tecnológica, la elección de un sistema estadounidense de estas características plantearía importantes interrogantes sobre soberanía, independencia industrial y libertad de empleo.

Esto es todavía más relevante si se tiene en cuenta que el F-35 no es simplemente un avión que se compra y se mantiene con medios nacionales. Forma parte de un ecosistema tecnológico y logístico mucho más amplio.

Por eso, aunque el F-35 pueda seguir apareciendo en los análisis sobre el futuro de la aviación española, está lejos de ser una opción que pueda darse por contemplada actualmente.

Turquía y el camino del Hürjet al KAAN

Una de las posibilidades más interesantes que han aparecido recientemente procede de un país que hace unos años difícilmente habría sido considerado como socio principal de España en materia de aviación de combate: Turquía.

España ha elegido el Hürjet para sustituir al F-5M en la formación avanzada de sus pilotos de combate.

El acuerdo tiene además una importante dimensión industrial, y precisamente esa cooperación puede abrir una puerta hacia un programa mucho más ambicioso: el KAAN.

Turquía está desarrollando este caza de quinta generación como su futuro avión de combate y ya existen contactos preliminares entre ambos países sobre una posible cooperación.

El Hürjet puede convertirse así en algo más que un avión de entrenamiento.

Puede ser el primer escalón de una relación industrial y tecnológica más profunda entre España y Turquía.

Eso no significa que España vaya a comprar KAAN, pero sí significa que, por primera vez, existe una vía potencial que permitiría a España participar en un programa de un caza avanzado desde una posición industrial diferente a la de un simple comprador, y ese aspecto puede ser especialmente atractivo para Madrid.

El GCAP también puede convertirse en una opción

Otra posibilidad se encuentra en el otro gran programa occidental de futuro combate aéreo: el GCAP, desarrollado por Reino Unido, Italia y Japón.

España no forma parte actualmente del programa, sin embargo, una aproximación al GCAP podría convertirse en una opción a estudiar si Madrid quiere participar en el desarrollo de un sistema de combate aéreo de nueva generación.

Italia y Reino Unido poseen además una relación industrial mucho más próxima con España que otros posibles socios.

Para España, entrar en el GCAP supondría afrontar una negociación compleja, ya que los principales socios ya han definido buena parte de la estructura industrial del programa, pero también permitiría acceder a tecnologías que serían muy difíciles de desarrollar individualmente.

España no puede desarrollar sola un caza de nueva generación

España cuenta con una industria aeronáutica de primer nivel.

Airbus en España participa en grandes programas internacionales y empresas españolas tienen capacidades importantes en estructuras, aviónica, sensores, motores, sistemas de misión y otros componentes, pero desarrollar en solitario un caza de quinta o sexta generación sería otra cuestión debido al enorme coste económico y tecnológico.

No se trataría solamente de diseñar un avión, habría que desarrollar simultáneamente el motor, radar, sensores infrarrojos, guerra electrónica, comunicaciones, software, sistemas de misión, armamento e integración de todos ellos y después mantener una cadena industrial durante décadas.

Incluso países con industrias aeronáuticas mucho mayores que la española han elegido asociarse con otras naciones para desarrollar sus futuros cazas.

Por ello, España probablemente tendrá que escoger entre diferentes formas de cooperación internacional.

La cuestión será con quién y en qué condiciones.

Tres caminos muy diferentes

La situación deja abiertas varias posibilidades.

La primera es continuar apostando por el Eurofighter y ampliar progresivamente su número para cubrir las necesidades que vayan dejando los F-18.

La segunda es profundizar en la relación con Turquía. El Hürjet ya ha creado una primera conexión industrial y el KAAN podría representar una futura oportunidad de cooperación en un caza de quinta generación.

La tercera es intentar aproximarse al GCAP y participar en el desarrollo del futuro sistema de combate aéreo junto a Reino Unido, Italia y Japón.

Y todavía existe una cuarta posibilidad: una combinación de varias de ellas.

España podría mantener una parte importante de su flota basada en Eurofighter y, al mismo tiempo, participar en otro programa de nueva generación.

Mientras tanto, el F-18 gana tiempo

Mientras España debate qué camino seguir, el F-18 continúa volando. Los aviones procedentes de Canarias que todavía dispongan de horas remanentes pueden continuar su carrera en Zaragoza. Los EF-18M de las unidades peninsulares seguirán prestando servicio mientras su estado y los costes de mantenimiento hagan viable su operación, y España continuará incorporando Eurofighter.

Por tanto, el calendario real de desaparición del F-18 será probablemente mucho más complejo que una simple fecha de retirada. Algunos aparatos abandonarán el servicio antes que otros y otros podrán seguir volando durante la segunda mitad de la década de 2030.

Los últimos supervivientes podrían ser precisamente aquellos que hayan acumulado menos horas o que se encuentren en mejores condiciones estructurales.

El problema no es cuándo retirar el F-18, la cuestión realmente importante no es cuándo realizará su último vuelo el último Hornet español. La cuestión es qué quiere España después del F-18.

El Eurofighter ya está aquí y continuará siendo una pieza fundamental de la defensa aérea española, pero no está decidido que sea la única respuesta.

El F-35 está lejos de las prioridades españolas por razones que van mucho más allá de sus prestaciones.

El futuro del FCAS ya no puede considerarse una solución segura sobre la que construir toda la planificación.

El KAAN empieza a aparecer como una alternativa potencial gracias a la creciente cooperación con Turquía.

Y el GCAP podría ofrecer otra vía para que España participe en un programa de combate aéreo de nueva generación.

Mientras tanto, los F-18 siguen proporcionando algo que España necesita: tiempo, tiempo para aprovechar al máximo una flota que ha demostrado una longevidad excepcional.

Tiempo para recibir los nuevos Eurofighter.




Y tiempo para decidir con quién quiere España desarrollar el avión de combate que algún día sustituirá definitivamente al Hornet.

Después de cuarenta años, el F-18 español se acerca al final de su carrera.

Pero todavía no ha llegado el momento de escribir su último capítulo.

May 29, 2026

Spain’s Ministry of Defence confirms steps to extend Navy Harrier operations until 2032

 

The Spanish Navy is continuing its efforts to extend the operational life of its AV-8B+ Harrier II fleet, one of the country’s most strategic military capabilities. According to infodefensa, Spain’s Ministry of Defence has confirmed plans to acquire additional spare parts and retired airframes in order to sustain the fleet well into the next decade. 

The objective is to keep the Navy’s 9th Squadron operational until at least 2032, beyond the previously expected retirement timeline. Airbus is expected to play a key role in maintenance, engineering support and life-extension work for the aging aircraft. 

Spain currently operates a small fleet of AV-8B+ Harrier II aircraft aboard the amphibious assault ship Juan Carlos I. These aircraft remain the only fixed-wing combat capability within the Spanish Armed Forces and provide a unique STOVL (Short Take-Off and Vertical Landing) capability rarely maintained by European navies today.

However, the long-term problem remains unresolved: there is still no confirmed replacement for the Harrier. As the United States Marine Corps and the Italian Navy progressively retire their own Harrier fleets, Spain could eventually become the last operator of the aircraft, increasing both logistical challenges and sustainment costs. 

In practical terms, the Navy appears to be relying on retired aircraft from allied operators as a source of spare parts and structural components. While this strategy is common for aging military platforms, it also highlights the lack of a political decision regarding the future of Spain’s carrier-based fixed-wing aviation capability.

At present, the only real successor capable of preserving Spain’s STOVL carrier aviation capability would be the Lockheed Martin F-35B Lightning II. However, the high acquisition and operating costs of the program continue to delay any official procurement decision. Meanwhile, the European FCAS program remains a long-term project with no operational naval variant expected in the near future.

For now, extending the Harrier’s service life appears to be the only viable solution to avoid a major capability gap aboard the Spanish Navy’s flagship. The real question is no longer how long the Harrier can continue flying, but whether Spain intends to preserve a fixed-wing naval aviation capability in the decades ahead.


May 27, 2026

La Marina Real de Tailandia adquiere dos Airbus C295 para transporte y vigilancia marítima

 
La Royal Thai Navy ha confirmado la adquisición de dos Airbus C295 en una configuración avanzada de transporte que permitirá a la fuerza naval tailandesa ampliar sus capacidades logísticas, de vigilancia marítima y de búsqueda y rescate (SAR).

El contrato supone un nuevo éxito internacional para Airbus y consolida todavía más la presencia del C295 dentro de las Fuerzas Armadas de Tailandia. La operación llega apenas unos meses después del pedido realizado por la Real Fuerza Aérea de Tailandia para incorporar otros dos aparatos del mismo modelo, mientras que el Ejército tailandés ya opera tres C295 desde 2016 en misiones de transporte táctico y de tropas.

Con esta nueva compra, el C295 se afianza como la plataforma de transporte táctico de referencia para las fuerzas armadas tailandesas, que continúan apostando por una flota cada vez más homogénea y versátil.

Los nuevos aviones estarán basados en U-Tapao, en Sattahip, y combinarán capacidades de transporte con funciones avanzadas de vigilancia marítima. Las aeronaves incorporarán sensores electroópticos e infrarrojos (EO/IR), permitiendo detectar, clasificar e identificar objetivos tanto en el mar como sobre tierra, incluso en operaciones nocturnas.


Esta configuración permitirá a la Marina tailandesa reforzar significativamente sus capacidades de patrulla y control marítimo en una región cada vez más estratégica y sensible desde el punto de vista geopolítico.

Los dos Airbus C295 serán ensamblados en las instalaciones de Airbus Defence and Space en Sevilla, uno de los centros industriales más importantes del programa C295 a nivel mundial. La primera entrega está prevista para finales de 2028.

El acuerdo representa además una nueva carga de trabajo para la industria aeronáutica española, en un momento en el que el C295 continúa acumulando pedidos internacionales tanto en versiones de transporte como de vigilancia marítima y patrulla.

El sudeste asiático se está consolidando además como una región cada vez más importante para Airbus Defence, donde el C295 continúa ampliando su presencia frente a competidores estadounidenses y brasileños.

May 25, 2026

Chinese Media Claims J-10CE Dominated Eurofighter Typhoon During Qatar Air Exercises

 


Chinese state media and several defense-focused accounts close to Beijing have widely promoted the results of recent joint air exercises held in Qatar, claiming that the Chengdu J-10CE achieved a decisive advantage over the Eurofighter Typhoon during simulated air combat scenarios.

According to the narrative circulating in Chinese media, Pakistani-operated J-10CE fighters scored a striking “9-0” result against Qatari Eurofighter Typhoons during the exercise known as “Zilzal-II”, which reportedly took place earlier this year. Chinese outlets describe the outcome as evidence of the growing technological maturity of China’s combat aviation industry and proof that Chinese fighters are now fully capable of competing with leading Western aircraft.

The exercises involved the Pakistan Air Force flying export-version J-10CE fighters, while Qatar deployed its advanced Eurofighter Typhoon Tranche 3 fleet. According to the reports, the Chinese-built aircraft prevailed in both beyond-visual-range engagements and close-range dogfights, with particular emphasis placed on the performance of its radar, avionics, and long-range PL-15 air-to-air missile.

However, despite the headlines, very little verifiable information has been released publicly. No official telemetry, engagement parameters, mission profiles, weapons configurations, or pilot experience details have been disclosed. As with most air combat exercises, the final results can depend heavily on rules of engagement, operational restrictions, simulated weapon limitations, and training objectives.

For that reason, many analysts view the “9-0” narrative with caution. The way the story has been presented — often framed as a “humiliation” of European airpower — strongly suggests a major propaganda and marketing component designed to support China’s growing ambitions in the international defense export market.

Still, the episode highlights a broader reality that is becoming increasingly difficult to ignore: Chinese combat aviation has advanced rapidly over the last decade. The Chengdu J-10CE is far from a low-end platform. It features modern AESA radar technology, advanced electronic warfare systems, and long-range missile capabilities that place it firmly within the category of highly capable 4.5-generation fighters.

The real takeaway may therefore not be that the Eurofighter Typhoon has suddenly become obsolete, but rather that China is now operating at a technological level much closer to Western standards than many observers previously assumed. Aircraft such as the J-10C, J-16, and J-20 increasingly demonstrate that Beijing’s aerospace industry is no longer playing a secondary role in global military aviation.

There is also a clear commercial dimension behind the publicity surrounding the exercise. China is actively trying to expand exports of the Chengdu J-10CE in markets traditionally dominated by Western manufacturers such as Lockheed Martin, Dassault Aviation, BAE Systems, and the wider Airbus consortium.

In that context, portraying the J-10CE as capable of defeating one of Europe’s premier fighters serves as a powerful strategic and marketing message — regardless of how representative the exercise itself may actually have been.

May 22, 2026

Poland Welcomes Its First F-35A Stealth Fighters on Home Soil



Poland has officially received the first three Lockheed Martin F-35A Lightning II stealth fighters ordered under its ambitious air force modernization program, marking a major milestone for both the country and NATO’s eastern flank.

The aircraft arrived at Łask Air Base after flying from Fort Worth, Texas, with a stop at Lajes Air Base in the Azores. Poland has named its F-35 fleet “Husarz”, in reference to the legendary Polish Winged Hussars that became a symbol of military power between the 16th and 18th centuries.

Polish Defence Minister Władysław Kosiniak-Kamysz described the arrival as a historic moment, emphasizing that these are the first fifth-generation fighters permanently assigned to NATO’s eastern frontier. According to the minister, the acquisition represents not only new equipment, but Poland’s entry into the “top league” of modern air forces.
Warsaw signed the contract for 32 F-35A aircraft with Lockheed Martin in 2020 in a deal valued at approximately $4.6 billion, including training, simulators, and logistical support. Polish pilots have already been training on the aircraft in the United States since 2024.

The modernization effort is expected to continue rapidly. Fourteen aircraft should be delivered to Poland by the end of the year, with initial operational readiness expected in 2027. Full delivery of the 32-aircraft fleet is planned for completion by 2032.

The arrival of the F-35 further strengthens the growing presence of the platform across Europe, where multiple NATO members are either already operating or preparing to receive the fifth-generation fighter as part of broader defense modernization efforts driven by the evolving security environment in Eastern Europe.

May 19, 2026

Italy Reportedly Moves Forward With Six Additional Airbus A330 MRTT Tankers

 


Reports circulating among defense and aerospace observers suggest that Italy may finally be moving ahead with the acquisition of six additional Airbus A330 MRTT aircraft for the Aeronautica Militare. While no official announcement has yet been released, several well-connected accounts claim that a contract worth nearly €1.4 billion was notified to Airbus in mid-April, covering both the delivery and support of the future fleet.

The reports fit perfectly within Italy’s ongoing effort to strengthen its strategic aviation capabilities. Rome has been evaluating the expansion of its tanker fleet for some time, and the A330 MRTT was always considered the most logical solution. The Italian Air Force already operates the aircraft, meaning that acquiring additional units would simplify logistics, training, maintenance, and interoperability while significantly increasing long-range deployment and aerial refueling capacity.

If confirmed, the agreement would also represent another important success for Airbus in a market where the A330 MRTT has steadily established itself as the leading non-American tanker platform. Over the last decade, the aircraft has been selected by several NATO and allied air forces thanks to its combination of transport capacity, modern systems, and multi-role flexibility. As many countries move to replace aging tanker fleets, the MRTT continues to gain momentum internationally.

The deal would also have direct implications for Spain. The conversion line for the Airbus A330 MRTT located in Getafe has become one of Airbus Defence’s most important industrial centers, supporting customers across Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. A new Italian order would reinforce workload stability at the facility while further consolidating Spain’s role inside the broader Airbus Defence ecosystem.

The timing is particularly notable as European countries continue increasing investment in strategic enablers such as tanker aircraft, transport aviation, and long-range support capabilities. The war in Ukraine and rising global tensions have accelerated demand for platforms capable of sustaining expeditionary operations and strengthening NATO interoperability.


May 17, 2026

Spain Eyes Turkey’s TB3 and Navalized Hürjet Amid Debate Over Harrier Replacement


Growing reports of industrial and military contacts between Spain and Turkey are fueling an increasingly visible debate over the future of the Armada Española’s carrier-based aviation capabilities.

In recent weeks, Turkish media outlets and defense publications have linked Spain to two particularly significant Turkish programs: the carrier-capable Bayraktar TB3 and the future navalized TAI Hürjet currently under development by Turkish Aerospace Industries.


While no official confirmation has emerged from Madrid, Ankara, or the companies involved, the broader strategic and industrial context makes such speculation increasingly plausible.

The Harrier Problem



At the center of the discussion lies a well-known issue: Spain’s aging McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II fleet is approaching the end of its operational life, forcing the Spanish Navy to decide what type of carrier aviation capability it wants to maintain in the coming decades.

Until recently, the obvious successor appeared to be the Lockheed Martin F-35B Lightning II — currently the only Western fifth-generation V/STOL fighter available.

However, the program’s high cost, budgetary constraints, and the rapid evolution of naval warfare are opening discussions around more flexible and scalable alternatives.

TB3 and the Rise of Carrier Drones

Within that context, the Bayraktar TB3 has attracted increasing attention. The navalized drone, derived from the TB2, was specifically designed to operate from short-deck vessels such as the Juan Carlos I.

The TB3 features folding wings and is intended for:

  • maritime surveillance
  • ISR missions
  • light strike operations
  • expeditionary support

For Turkey, the TB3 forms a key element of the future air wing aboard both the TCG Anadolu and the future MUGEM.

This is precisely where the platform becomes interesting for Spain: it could offer a way to preserve relevant embarked air capabilities without relying exclusively on an expensive manned V/STOL fighter fleet.

Hürjet Naval Enters the Debate



The second major development is the public unveiling of the navalized TAI Hürjet concept during SAHA Expo 2026.

According to information displayed by TUSAŞ and first reported by Turkish defense media, the aircraft is envisioned with:

  • STOBAR capability
  • possible CATOBAR evolution
  • reinforced structure
  • strengthened landing gear
  • arrestor hook
  • aerodynamic modifications for carrier operations

Rather than a simple naval trainer, the aircraft appears designed as a light carrier-based combat platform capable of complementing combat drones aboard the future MUGEM carrier.

Spain’s Industrial Connection


Spain is already indirectly linked to the Hürjet family through the ITS-C / Saeta II program, which will replace the Spanish Air Force’s F-5M fleet using a version developed in cooperation with Airbus and multiple Spanish defense firms.

This makes the Hürjet platform particularly relevant for Spain from an industrial perspective:

  • avionics
  • simulation
  • software
  • maintenance
  • systems integration

The more the Hürjet family expands — including naval or light attack variants — the more strategically important the program could become for Spanish industry.

A Real Alternative to the F-35B?

For now, presenting the TB3 or Hürjet Naval as direct replacements for the McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II would be premature.

The Lockheed Martin F-35B Lightning II remains vastly superior in:

  • stealth
  • sensors
  • network warfare
  • air superiority

But the debate is no longer solely about “which fighter to buy.”

The real question is what kind of carrier aviation model Spain wants for the future:

  • an LHD centered around V/STOL aircraft
  • a mixed force of drones and light manned platforms
  • or a future transition toward more complex STOBAR/CATOBAR operations

And in that evolving discussion, Turkey is unexpectedly emerging as a relevant player in Spain’s strategic naval aviation debate.

May 7, 2026

Contacts confirmed between Turkey and Spain regarding the KAAN as a new strategic horizon for fifth-generation aviation


In a move that has sent ripples through the international defense community, the CEO of Turkish Aerospace Industries (TUSAŞ), Mehmet Demiroğlu, has officially confirmed that high-level, government-to-government talks are underway with Spain regarding the KAAN fifth-generation fighter jet. This revelation suggests that Madrid is actively looking beyond traditional suppliers to secure its aerial superiority for the coming decades.

The dialogue began after the Spanish Air and Space Force requested detailed technical data on the KAAN, seeking a high-end stealth solution to modernize its aging fleet. This interest represents a potential "Plan B" for Spain, offering a strategic alternative to the American F-35 monopoly. By exploring the KAAN, Spain is positioning itself to bridge the technological gap until the European FCAS (Future Combat Air System) becomes a reality in the 2040s, all while maintaining a level of industrial independence that few other platforms can guarantee.



What makes this potential partnership particularly compelling is the established industrial synergy between the two nations. The "KAAN contact" is built on the solid foundation of the recent Hürjet deal, where Spain committed to 30 Turkish supersonic trainers. Unlike the rigid export structures of other stealth programs, the Turkish proposal emphasizes a partnership model. This would allow Spanish giants like Indra and Airbus Spain to integrate their own systems and participate in the global supply chain, ensuring that the investment translates into local jobs and sovereign technological growth.Ultimately, the KAAN represents a unique opportunity for Spain to become the first NATO and EU member to join Turkey in this ambitious aerospace journey. As the Spanish Air Force prepares for the inevitable retirement of its F-18s, the KAAN offers a twin-engine, heavy-payload stealth platform that fits the country's strategic needs. If these talks evolve into a formal agreement, it could redefine the European defense landscape, proving that strategic autonomy is best achieved through diverse and bold international collaborations.

Apr 29, 2026

Spain’s “Saeta II”: Could the Extra 15 Aircraft Signal a Future Light Attack Role?


Spain is moving ahead with the introduction of the TAI Hürjet—to be locally designated “Saeta II”—as the replacement for the Northrop F-5M, with an initial batch of around 30 aircraft set to cover advanced jet training requirements.

However, the Spanish Council of Ministers has authorized the acquisition of up to 45 aircraft, leaving an open question about the role of the additional 15 units.



While no official details have been provided, the baseline requirement for training appears to be largely covered by the first tranche. This has led to growing speculation that the extra aircraft could support an expanded role beyond pure training.

The TAI Hürjet has been designed with the potential for a light attack configuration, a capability already under consideration by its manufacturer. If pursued, such a variant could provide Spain with a flexible, lower-cost platform for secondary missions, complementing high-end assets like the Eurofighter Typhoon.

For now, this remains speculative. But the structure of the program—30 aircraft for training, with authorization for 15 more—suggests that Spain may be leaving the door open to a broader operational concept.

Apr 27, 2026

Peru Considers KC-135 Tanker to Support Future F-16 Fleet — Reports Suggest

 


As Peru moves closer to fielding the F-16 Block 70, new reports indicate that the Fuerza Aérea del Perú (FAP) could also be evaluating the acquisition of a Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker to support its future fighter fleet.

According to Zona Militar, the tanker option has gained attention following remarks by former FAP commander Enrique Chávez Cateriano, who highlighted the need to align refueling capabilities with the F-16’s boom system.

The logic is clear: integrating a platform like the KC-135 would significantly extend the range and operational flexibility of Peru’s future fighters, while improving interoperability with U.S.-aligned systems.

However, there is no official confirmation of a KC-135 purchase, and current reporting appears to be based on operational considerations rather than a finalized contract.

In short, while the tanker fits naturally into Peru’s modernization plans, it remains a credible option—not a confirmed acquisition.

Apr 24, 2026

Spain Urges France to “Unblock” FCAS as Tensions Escalate

 

Spain has publicly raised the pressure on France over the stalled Future Combat Air System, marking a notable shift as the dispute surrounding Europe’s next-generation fighter moves from industry circles into the political arena.

Speaking in Nicosia, Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez called on France to unblock the program “once and for all,” in unusually direct language. While avoiding naming Paris explicitly, Sánchez made clear that one of the three partners—France, Germany and Spain—was hindering progress. “It is one third Spain, one third Germany and one third France. One of those thirds, and it is not Spain, appears to be facing difficulties in launching this cooperation,” he said.

The remarks come at a critical moment for the FCAS program, as mediation efforts between Dassault Aviation and Airbus have so far failed to resolve a dispute over industrial leadership. Dassault is pushing to act as prime contractor for the Next Generation Fighter (NGF), while Airbus, representing German and Spanish interests, advocates for a more balanced workshare model.

Sánchez’s intervention highlights growing frustration in Madrid, where the program is seen not only as a major industrial project—valued at around €100 billion—but also as a cornerstone of Europe’s future defense autonomy. Spain’s participation, led by Indra, represents roughly a third of the overall effort, making delays increasingly difficult to justify politically.

Beyond the immediate industrial disagreement, the Spanish Prime Minister framed the issue in broader strategic terms. He reiterated his support for deeper European defense integration, including the long-term goal of a European army, stressing that such ambitions require strong, cooperative industrial programs like FCAS.

The timing of these comments is significant. With mediation efforts nearing their deadline and doubts growing in Germany about the viability of a single joint fighter, the program now faces a decisive phase. Options under discussion reportedly include scaling back ambitions or even separating the fighter component from the broader system-of-systems approach.

By openly calling out the deadlock, Spain has signaled that patience is wearing thin. The FCAS dispute is no longer confined to corporate negotiations—it has become a test of political will among Europe’s leading powers.

Apr 23, 2026

Alemania estudia ampliar su flota de P-8A Poseidon

 


Alemania podría reforzar aún más sus capacidades de patrulla marítima ante la posibilidad de un nuevo pedido del Boeing P-8A Poseidon. Aunque no hay una decisión oficial, diversas informaciones apuntan a que Berlín estaría evaluando la adquisición de hasta cuatro aeronaves adicionales.

Alemania ya ha comprometido una flota de ocho P-8A Poseidon, destinados a sustituir a los veteranos P-3C Orion y a mejorar significativamente sus capacidades de guerra antisubmarina y vigilancia marítima. El avión, fabricado por Boeing, es utilizado ampliamente por más de la OTAN y está considerado como uno de los sistemas más avanzados de su categoría.

Ampliar la flota hasta unas doce unidades proporcionaría mayor flexibilidad operativa y una cobertura más sostenida, especialmente en zonas estratégicamente sensibles como el mar Báltico y el Atlántico Norte. Todo ello en un contexto de creciente atención a la seguridad marítima y a la actividad submarina en aguas europeas.

No obstante, esta posible ampliación sigue en fase exploratoria. Factores como el presupuesto, las necesidades operativas y otras prioridades de defensa serán determinantes para que Alemania dé el paso definitivo.

Aun así, esta posibilidad refleja una tendencia clara: Alemania continúa reforzando progresivamente sus capacidades de vigilancia marítima y guerra antisubmarina en respuesta a un entorno de seguridad cada vez más exigente.

Is NATO Moving Away from Boeing for Its Next AWACS?


NATO’s long-standing airborne early warning fleet, built around the aging Boeing E-3 Sentry, is approaching a critical replacement phase. After decades of service, the alliance is now exploring options for a next-generation system capable of operating in increasingly complex and contested environments.

Recent reports suggest that the Saab GlobalEye, developed by Saab in partnership with Bombardier, is gaining traction within discussions. The platform, already in service with operators such as the United Arab Emirates, combines airborne early warning with multi-domain surveillance capabilities, offering a more flexible and modern approach compared to legacy systems.



If confirmed, such a choice would mark a significant shift. NATO has traditionally relied on U.S.-built platforms for this mission, and selecting a European-led solution would signal a growing emphasis on industrial diversification and strategic autonomy within the alliance.

However, no official decision has been announced. The scale and strategic importance of the program mean that any final selection will involve extensive political, industrial, and operational considerations. Boeing is still expected to compete strongly, leveraging its long-standing role within NATO and its experience in airborne early warning systems.

For now, the reports should be seen as an indication of direction rather than a confirmed outcome. Even so, they highlight a broader trend: NATO is not only replacing an aircraft, but redefining how it conducts airborne surveillance and command in the decades ahead.

Apr 22, 2026

FCAS Given 10 Days as Fighter Dispute Deepens


Europe’s flagship air combat program, the Future Combat Air System, is entering a critical phase as France and Germany give mediators just ten more days to resolve a deep industrial dispute at the heart of the project.

According to opex360.com and confirmed by Reuters, recent mediation efforts between Dassault Aviation and Airbus have failed to produce an agreement. The two sides remain divided over governance and leadership of the Next Generation Fighter (NGF), the manned aircraft at the center of the FCAS system.

Dassault insists on acting as prime contractor, arguing that a single leader is essential for such a complex program. Airbus, backed by German industry and political support, rejects this model and advocates for a more balanced partnership, similar to past multinational programs.

The disagreement has reached a point where alternative scenarios are openly discussed. Airbus leadership has suggested that, if no agreement is possible, the fighter component could be separated from the broader program. This would potentially lead to the development of multiple European combat aircraft rather than a single joint platform—effectively reshaping the original FCAS vision.

Despite the tensions, both sides appear willing to preserve what is increasingly seen as the core of the program: the “combat cloud.” This network-centric architecture aims to connect manned and unmanned platforms, sensors, and weapons into a single operational ecosystem.

Political leaders still have room to intervene. Emmanuel Macron and Friedrich Merz are expected to play a decisive role in the coming days, as mediators prepare to deliver their final conclusions by April 28.

With time running out, FCAS now faces a stark choice: evolve into a looser, system-of-systems approach centered on connectivity, or risk fragmentation into competing national programs. Either outcome would mark a turning point for European defense cooperation.

Spanish Eurofighters Deploy Over Ceuta for Joint Air Defense Drills



Eurofighter Typhoon (C.16) jets from the Spanish Air Force’s 11th Wing will conduct tactical overflights over Ceuta on Wednesday, April 22nd, between 08:00 and 14:00 hours, according to El Faro de Ceuta. These joint exercises with the Spanish Army's 30th Mixed Artillery Regiment (RAMIX-30) are designed to train ground crews on anti-aircraft systems, including Oerlikon 35/90 guns and MISTRAL missiles.

The drills are part of the Annual Readiness Program of the Ceuta General Command (COMGECEU). The primary objective is to sharpen the tracking and engagement capabilities of the 30th Mixed Artillery Regiment (RAMIX-30), specifically its Anti-Aircraft Artillery Group (GAAA II/30).

During the exercise, ground crews utilized advanced defensive systems, including:

  • Oerlikon 35/90 GDF anti-aircraft guns.
  • MISTRAL high-mobility MANPADS.
  • Skydor Fire Control Systems integrated with 3D Radar units.

While the Command emphasized that "no live fire" would take place, the exercise carries significant weight. Beyond technical training, the presence of the Eurofighters—Spain’s premier air superiority fighters—serves as a clear demonstration of the Spanish Armed Forces' expeditionary capacity and its commitment to defending national sovereignty in North Africa.

The maneuvers come at a time of heightened regional sensitivity. Ceuta and Melilla, Spanish territories located on the North African coast, remain a point of diplomatic friction as Morocco continues to voice long-standing territorial claims. 

Apr 21, 2026

Spanish Army Helicopters Take Part in INTECAP 26 Exercise

 


Spanish Army aviation assets have played a central role in the latest edition of the INTECAP 26 exercise, a key training event focused on integrating combat capabilities and refining air assault operations.

The exercise brought together airborne units from the Brigada Paracaidista and aviation elements from the Fuerzas Aeromóviles del Ejército de Tierra, with the aim of improving interoperability and synchronizing procedures for future high-intensity scenarios.

Rotary-wing platforms were at the core of the exercise. The heavy-lift CH-47F Chinook enabled the rapid deployment of troops and equipment, including artillery, into forward areas. Meanwhile, the EC665 Tiger provided armed escort and close air support, ensuring protection and firepower during air assault operations.

Also participating were the Eurocopter AS532 Cougar helicopters, which contributed to troop transport and tactical mobility, adding another layer of flexibility to the overall operation.

The combination of these platforms highlights the Spanish Army’s focus on air-ground integration. Transport helicopters deliver combat units where needed, while attack helicopters secure the environment and support forces on the ground, enabling coordinated and rapid-response operations.

INTECAP 26 reflects a broader effort by the Spanish Army to enhance readiness for complex missions, particularly those involving rapid deployment and joint operations within a NATO framework.

Airbus Prepares the A400M to Launch Cruise Missiles

 

A new capability under development could significantly expand the role of the Airbus A400M Atlas. According to reports, Airbus is working on enabling the aircraft to deploy up to twelve cruise missiles, in a program reportedly driven by a specific customer requirement.

The concept is not about turning the A400M into a traditional bomber, but rather adapting it into an “arsenal aircraft.” In this role, the transport would act as a stand-off strike platform, capable of releasing long-range precision weapons from outside contested airspace. Such an approach leverages the aircraft’s payload capacity and range, offering a cost-effective way to increase strike mass without relying solely on fighter jets.

While the exact missile has not been officially confirmed, discussions increasingly point toward integration with systems like the Taurus KEPD 350, already operated by Spain and other European users. Designed for deep-strike missions against high-value targets, Taurus offers long range, precision guidance, and a powerful penetration warhead—making it a natural candidate for such a role. Other missiles in the same class, such as the Storm Shadow / SCALP, could also be part of the broader integration concept.

This development reflects a broader trend in modern air warfare. The idea of using large aircraft as missile carriers—sometimes referred to as “missile trucks”—has been explored in the United States and is now gaining traction in Europe. By separating the launch platform from high-risk penetration roles, air forces can preserve more valuable assets while still delivering significant strike effects at long range.

The identity of the customer behind the requirement remains undisclosed, fueling speculation about which nation is driving the effort. Countries that already operate both the A400M and compatible cruise missiles—such as France, Germany or Spain—appear as logical candidates, though no official confirmation has been provided.

For now, the project appears to be in a developmental or conceptual phase, and it remains unclear when—or if—this capability will become operational. Even so, the implications are clear: the A400M could evolve beyond its traditional transport role into a flexible, multi-mission platform capable of contributing directly to high-end combat operations.

Peru May Have Quietly Signed Its F-16 Deal

 


After more than a decade of evaluations, delays and political twists, Peru’s long-running fighter replacement program may have reached a final point—just not in the way many expected. Multiple defense outlets, including Zona Militar and Pucará Defensa, now suggest that the government has moved forward with the acquisition of the F-16 Block 70, potentially signing a contract away from the public eye.

According to these reports, the deal would cover an initial batch of aircraft—commonly cited as ten single-seat F-16C and two two-seat F-16D variants—forming the first phase of a broader modernization effort for the Peruvian Air Force. The selection itself is not surprising. The F-16 had long emerged as the leading contender, competing against platforms such as the Dassault Rafale and the Saab Gripen E, with geopolitical alignment and operational familiarity often cited as decisive factors.

What makes the situation unusual is the apparent contradiction between these reports and recent public messaging. Only days earlier, officials had indicated that the decision might be postponed, potentially leaving it to the next administration. Yet now, specialized media point to a possible reversal—one that may have culminated in a discreet signing process, reportedly conducted “behind closed doors.”

Crucially, there has been no formal announcement from the Peruvian government, nor confirmation from Lockheed Martin, the manufacturer of the aircraft. Details regarding the total value of the contract, delivery timelines, configuration of the fleet, or potential industrial offsets remain unclear. This lack of transparency has fueled speculation about whether a full contract has indeed been signed, or whether the agreement is still at an advanced but not yet final stage.

Such ambiguity is not entirely unprecedented in defense procurement, particularly in politically sensitive contexts. Large acquisitions can be delayed, reshaped, or quietly advanced depending on internal dynamics, budgetary pressures, and external geopolitical considerations. In Peru’s case, domestic instability and competing priorities may have influenced both the timing and the manner in which the decision has unfolded.

For now, the situation remains in a grey zone. The convergence of reports from multiple specialized outlets suggests that something significant has happened. However, without official confirmation, the status of the deal remains technically unverified.

What seems increasingly clear is that the momentum is firmly behind the F-16. Whether already signed or still pending formalization, Peru appears closer than ever to introducing a new generation of fighter aircraft—marking the most important upgrade of its combat aviation capability in decades.